This study is a descriptive research study which was conducted to confirm Professionalism, Personality Traits, Emotional Labor of home health care Advanced Practice Nurses, and to investigate and verify the relationship between them. This study was ca...
This study is a descriptive research study which was conducted to confirm Professionalism, Personality Traits, Emotional Labor of home health care Advanced Practice Nurses, and to investigate and verify the relationship between them. This study was carried out targeting 190 home health care APN in medical institutions registered in the website of home health care APN Association. After receiving approval from the Institutional Review Board(IRB No.: 2017-057) of Konyang University, this study conducted a survey with a structured questionnaire from August 21 through September 11, 2017.
As research tools, this study employed Professionalism Inventory Scale that was developed by Hall (1968), corrected by Snizek (1972) and adapted and standardized into Korean language by Baek Hee-jeong (2007) et al.. For Personality Traits, this study used McCrae and Costa (1992)‘s NEO-PI-R (NEO Personality Inventory, Revised) that Ahn Chang-gye and Lee Gyeong-im (1996) adapted and standardized suited to the real state of Korea was used, and used by Seong Hye-jin (2004), and a tool for Emotional Labor developed by Morris and Feldman (1996) and translated and standardized by Kim Min-ju (1998), and corrected by Song Yun-jeong (2011) suited to nurses was also used.
For data analysis method, this study analyzed frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation using SPSS/PC WIN 22.0 statistics program, and conducted independent t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe test and Pearson's correlation.
Summary of study results is as follows.
First, the degree of Professionalism of home health care APN was 3.62±0.31 points. Of the sub-areas of Professionalism, a sense of calling to the field was the highest.
Second, of the sub-areas of Personality Traits of home health care APN, the degree of the tendency of Agreeableness was the highest as was shown as 3.89±0.45 points.
Third, the degree of Emotional labor of home health care APN was 2.79±0.48 points. Of sub-areas of Emotional Labor, frequency of Emotional labor was the highest.
Fourth, as for Professionalism according to general characteristics of home health care APN, there was a statistically significant difference among age (F=4.12, p=.008), annual salary(F=3.30, p=.040) and service period as a home health care APN(F=3.04, p=.031). Extraversion which is a sub-area of Personality Traits
according to the general characteristics of home health care APN showed a statistically significant difference according to traffic accident(t=-2.86, p=.005), and Openness differed by annual salary(F=5.06, p=.007) and Agreeableness by age(F=3.23, p=.024), annual salary(F=3.05, p=.050) and daily average visits(t=-3.64, p<.001). However, Neuroticism showed no significant difference in all variables. Emotional Labor according to the general characteristics of home health care APN showed a statistically significant difference according to the
age(F=5.85, p=.001), religion(t=-2.39, p=.018), annual salary(F=7.56, p=.001), weekly average working hours(F=-5.56, p<.001), weekly average number of off-hour calls(F=10.04, p<.001), daily average driving distance(F=17.10, p<.001) and daily average visits(t=-4.46, p<.001).
Fifth, Professionalism of home health care APN has a positive correlation with Extraversion(r=.194, p=.016) and Agreeableness(r=.391, p<.001) of Personality Traits, whereas there was a significantly negative correlation with Neuroticism(r=-.233, p=.004). Results show that Personality Traits and Emotional Labor of home health care APN have a positive correlation with Neuroticism(r=.200, p=.013), and Emotional Dissonance(r=.245, p=.002) has a significantly positive correlation with Neuroticism. However, Emotional Labor and Professionalism of home health care APN has no correlation in all sub-areas of Emotional Labor.
Considering the above results, Professionalism of home health care APN is high level and the degree of Personality Traits is Agreeableness, and the degree of Emotional Labor is below average. As for Professionalism, there was a positive correlation between Extraversion and Agreeableness of Personality Traits, showing a negative correlation with Neuroticism, whereas Emotional Labor and Neuroticism of Personality Traits showed a positive correlation. Although there was no correlation between Professionalism and Emotional Labor, further repetitive researches are considered necessary as the result differs from other researches. Therefore, repetitive researches by expanding to Advanced Practice Nurses in other duties are necessary with respect to correlation among Professionalism, Personality Traits and Emotional Labor, and researches for finding factors affecting each variable is also considered necessary.