녹색건축인증 건축물의 전과정 환경영향평가 분석에 관한 연구 = A study on the analysis of life cycle impact assessment on green building certified buildings

국문 초록 (Abstract)

국제적으로 환경오염과 기후변화에 관한 관심이 증가됨에 따라서 국내 건설분야 또한 친환경 건축물의 조성을 위하여 “녹색건축인증제도(G-SEED)”등 친환경 인증기준이 도입되면서 건설부문의 온실가스감축이 시작 되었으며, 지속가능한 친환경건축물조성의 중요한 역할을 하고 있다.
인증제도에서 최종등급을 결정하는 중요한 부분으로 건축물 전 생애 과정을 대상으로 환경영향을 최소화하는 환경성 측면에서는 어느 정도 중요하게 인지하는지 재분석이 필요하였다. 해외의 친환경 건축 기준은 건축물 요소의 성능에 따른 환경성을 평가하는 성능중점의 평가를 시작으로 환경영향을 정량적인 수치로 평가하는 전과정평가가 추가 되고 있으며, 현재에는 기준 대비 환경영향의 감소량에 대한 평가로 변하는 추세이다. 현재 국내의 녹색건축인증(G-SEED)에서의 전과정평가(LCA)는 2016년도부터 가산점 점수가 신설되어 상대적으로 달성되기 어려운 ‘혁신적설계’항목에 해당되어 이를 수행 할 경우 추가점수를 인정하고 관련 설계의 도입을 장려하고 보편화하려는 움직임을 보이고 있다. 하지만, 건축물의 친환경성능을 평가하고 녹색건축물을 실현하고자하는 녹색건축인증제도에서 우수한 등급을 획득한 건축물의 경우에도 전과정평가(LCA)에서는 환경영향이 높은 건축물로 결과가 나타나 두 평가방법의 결과가 크게 상이한 모습을 보이고 있다. 이는 녹색건축인증의 평가방법이 건축물의 전 과정에서의 환경영향에 대한 내용을 효과적으로 반영되지 못하고 있는 것으로 사료된다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 국내의 사례조사를 통하여 건축물친환경인증에서의 환경영향평가 적용에 대한 현황을 파악하고, 국내의 기존 녹색건축 인증현황 분석을 통하여 녹색건축인증건축물 대상을 선정하였고, 이를 용도별, 구조별, 등급별 환경영향평가를 비교·분석을 실시 한 후, 그 결과를 건축물 환경영향 배출의 특성을 평가하여 각 유형별 환경영향평가분석을 목적으로 한다. 녹색건축인증 등급별 환경영향인자의 배출특성을 분석하기 위하여 최우수, 우량, 우수, 일반 4가지의 등급을 구분하고 GWP. ADP, ODP의 분석을 실시하였다. 환경영향인자의 배출량을 정량적으로 평가하는 건축물 전과정평가의 결과와 친환경적 건물을 조성하고자 하는 녹색건축인증의 등급과는 그 순서가 크게 상이한 결과를 얻을 수 있었다. 이는 건축물의 온실가스배출 및 주요열원에 대한 다각적인 반영이 녹색건축인증제에 이루어지지 않았기 때문으로 분석된다. 이는 향후 녹색건축인증제도의 개선방안 내용에 있어서 반드시 검토되어야 한다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

As international concern about environmental pollution and climate change has increased, domestic construction sector has started to reduce GHGs in the construction sector with the introduction of green certification standards such as "G-SEED" , And plays an important role in building sustainable green buildings.
As an important part of determining the final grade in the certification system, it was necessary to reanalyze the overall life cycle of the building to see how important it is in terms of environmental aspects that minimize the environmental impact. The eco-friendly building standards outside Korea started with performance-based evaluation that evaluates environmental performance according to the performance of building components, and added a life-cycle assessment that quantitatively evaluates environmental impact. Trend. Currently, the LCA for Green Architecture (G-SEED) in Korea is considered to be 'innovative design' which is relatively difficult to achieve due to the newly added score from 2016. Therefore, It is showing the movement to encourage and generalize the introduction of design. However, even in the case of buildings that have achieved excellent grades in the green building certification system that evaluates the eco-friendly performance of buildings and realizes green buildings, the LCA shows results with high environmental
impact, It is showing a very different shape.
This suggests that the evaluation method of the green building certification does not properly reflect the environmental impacts of the entire building. In this study, the present situation of the application of environmental impact assessment in the green building certification was ascertained through the case study in Korea, and the target of the green architecture certified building was selected through analysis of the current status of the green building certification in Korea. , And compare and analyze the environmental impact assessment by grades, and propose and propose the result of improvement method of the green building certification system centered on building environmental impact assessment method. GWP, GWP, GWP, GWP, GWP, GWP, GWP, ADP and ODP were analyzed. The results of the results of the building
life cycle assessment that quantitatively evaluate the emission of environmental impact factors and the grades of the green building certifications that are aimed at building environmentally friendly buildings are
very different. This is interpreted as the fact that greenhouse gas emissions of buildings and multi-faceted reflection of major heat sources were not made in the green building certification system. This should be reviewed in the future improvement plan of green building certification system.
This study consists of 6 chapters, and the major contents of each chapter are as follows.
Chapter 1: Introduction
Chapter 2: Status of Environmental Impact Assessment of Green Building
Certification System at home and abroad
Chapter 3: Research Trends of Life Cycle Assessment in Domestic Buildings
Chapter 4: A method of research through life cycle assessment
Chapter 5: Analysis through Life Cycle Assessment
Chapter 6: Conclusion
The purpose of this study is to elucidate the improvement plan of green building certification system through the evaluation of building life cycle.
1. The current status of the green building certification system is analyzed by
collecting data for each type, and the problems in terms of life cycle
evaluation are derived.
2. For buildings that have been certified for green building, buildings are classified according to usage, structure type, and grade, and evaluation of the building's life cycle, which is the quantitative emission evaluation of environmental impact factors of global warming index, resource consumption index and ozone layer destruction index, Emission characteristics of buildings were constructed and analyzed.
3. Through the evaluation of the building's life cycle, the characteristics of the environmental impact factors of each target building were analyzed, and a basic study was conducted to propose standard guidelines for
environmental load discharge through comparison with green building certification system.
4. Through the data and analysis results, we have contributed to the dissemination and promotion of the green building certification system by strengthening the evaluation items for materials and heat sources in more detail and in the whole life cycle.
Among the evaluation items of the green building certification system, the life cycle evaluation gives the total number of points for innovative design. However, there is no way to reduce the environmental impact from all sectors of the construction industry. to be. For a more complete assessment of the environmental performance of the buildings, it is necessary to establish the allowance criteria for the environmental impact category reflecting the characteristics of the building, . In addition, if the green building certification system incorporates the scores calculated based on the allowance criteria for each sector in the life cycle assessment as in the four grades awarded by the Green Building Certification System, the emission of the same environmental effects as those of the best, excellent, good, and general grades will be reduced . It is expected that it will contribute to the creation of eco - friendly buildings in order to reduce the environmental burden of buildings if the standard guidelines for environmental load discharge are provided in the whole process of building by complementing these processes.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 제1장 서론 1
• 1.1 연구의 배경 및 필요성 1
• 1.2 연구의 목적 및 방법 2
• 1.3 연구의 구성 3
• 제2장 국내의 녹색건축인증제의 환경영향평가 적용현황 6
• 2.1 LEED 6
• 2.2 BREEAM 7
• 2.3 G-SEED 8
• 제3장 국내 건축물 전과정 평가 연구 동향 10
• 제4장 전과정평가를 통한 연구의 방법 13
• 4.1 분석대상 선정 13
• 4.2 건축물 전과정 환겨영향 평가 방법 16
• 4.3 환경영향 평가를 위한 범주 범위 17
• 제5장 분석 25
• 5.1 개요 25
• 5.2 용도별 전과정 평가 분석 25
• 5.3 구조형식별 전과정평가 분석 33
• 5.4 녹색건축인증 등급별 전과정평가 분석 39
• 제6장 결론 46
• 참고문헌 48