광주광역시 일부 초등학교 급식에서 발생하는 음식물 쓰레기 관련 인식 조사 = A Survey on the Perception of Food waste in some Elementary Schools in Gwangju

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구를 통해 광주광역시에 위치한 초등학교 3곳을 대상으로 초등학생의 음식물 쓰레기에 대한 전반적인 인식을 조사하였다. 조사 기간은 2022년 12월19일부터 12월 23일까지 실시하였다. A초등학교에서는 260명, B초등학교에서는 180명, C초등학교에서는 60명으로 하여 총 500명을 대상으로 설문지를 배부하였다. 결측치(99부)를 제외하여 총 401 부로 집계됐고 회 수율 은 80.2% 였다. 본 연구의 결과 조사 대상자의 일반적 특성으로서 수면 시간은 평균 이하인 비율은 여학생이 남학생보다 많은 비율을 나타냈으며 그에 반해 평균 이상인 비율은 남학생이 더 많은 것으로 나타났다. 운동 시간이 1시간 미만에 해당하는 비율은 남학생 보다 여학생이 더 많았고 저 체중 비율은 여학생이 남학생보다 더 높았다. 반면 과 체중 의 경우 여학생보다 남학생의 비율이 더 높은 것으로 나타났다. 또한 비만인 비율 또한 남학생이 여학생보다 더 높은 비율을 보였다. 조사 대상자의 채소 반찬 섭취 가짓수는 남학생이 여학생보다 덜 다양하게 섭취하는 것으로 나타났다. 과일 섭취 빈도 또한 남학생이 여학생보다 전혀 먹지 않는 다는 비율이 더 높았다. 콩 두부 섭취 빈도 또한 남학생이 여학생보다 전혀 먹지 않는 다는 응답이 높았다. 생선 섭취 비율로는 남학생이 여학생보다 전혀 먹지 않는 다는 비율이 더 높은 것으로 나타났다. 반면 햄 소시지 가공 섭취 비율은 여학생이 남학생보다 전혀 먹지 않는 다는 비율이 더 높았다. 라면 섭취 비율은 여학생보다 남학생의 비율이 더 적은 것으로 나타났고, 과자 섭취 빈도에서는 남학생이 여학생보다 전혀 섭취 하지 않는 다는 비율이 더 높았다. 성별에 따라 유의 적인 차이를 보인 결과를 정리해 보면 과일 섭취 빈도는 ‘전혀 섭취 하지 않는다’의 경우 남자가 81.5%, 여자가 18.2%로 나타났으며, 육류 섭취 빈도에선 ‘한 달에 1 번 섭취 한다‘ 라는 응답에서 남자가 50%, 여자가 66.7% 로 나타났다. 햄 소시지 등 가공식품 섭취 빈도에서 남자가 11.1%, 여자가 88.9%로 나타났다. 음식물 쓰레기 처리 방법에 대한 인지 여부의 경우 남학생이 54.7%, 여학생이 45.3% 인 것으로 나타났다. 급식에서 중요하다고 생각하는 정도를 묻는 문항에서 ’맛‘을 남학생(56.1%)이 여학생(43.9%) 보다 매우 중요하다고 생각하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 학생의 선호도 또한 남학생(57.5%)이 여학생(42.5%) 보다 매우 중요하게 생각하는 비율이 더 많았다. 따라서 남학생의 경우 식단을 구성함에 있어 맛과 기호 성 을 더 고려하여 구성하되, 영양소의 균형 교육이 더 필요하다고 볼 수 있겠다. 또한 음식물 쓰레기 방법에 대한 교육은 남학생보다 여학생에게 더 적극적으로 필요 할 것으로 판단된다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Through this study, three elementary schools located in Gwangju Metropolitan City were investigated on the overall perception of food waste by elementary school students. The survey period was conducted from December 19 to December 23, 2022. Questionnaires were distributed to a total of 500 people, with 260 at A elementary school, 180 at B elementary school, and 60 at C elementary school. Excluding the missing value (99 copies), a total of 401 copies were counted, and the recovery rate was 80.2%.
As a result of this study, as a general characteristic of the survey subjects, the rate of sleep time below the average was higher for female students than for male students, whereas the rate above the average was higher for male students. The proportion of female students with less than an hour of exercise was higher than that of male students, and the proportion of underweight was higher than that of male students. On the other hand, in the case of overweight, the proportion of male students was higher than that of female students. In addition, the rate of obesity was also higher for male students than for female students.
The number of vegetable side dishes consumed by the survey subjects was found to be less diverse for male students than for female students. The frequency of fruit intake was also higher in male students than in female students. The frequency of bean curd consumption was also higher in male students than in female students. As for the rate of fish intake, male students had a higher rate of not eating at all than female students. On the other hand, the percentage of female students who ate ham sausage processing was higher than that of male students.
In terms of the rate of ramen consumption, it was found that the proportion of male students was lower than that of female students, and in the frequency of snack consumption, male students did not eat at all than female students. The frequency of breakfast was the same as that both boys and girls did not eat at all.
In the item asking about the diversity of food intake, it was found that male students had a lower rate of diversity intake than female students. In the question of whether there is food that is not consumed, female students have a higher rate of "eating well" than male students.
In the question of the frequency of food intake sold at convenience stores, female students showed a higher intake rate than male students. In the question of whether or not nutritional ingredients were checked, both male and female students had the highest rate of "not checking at all." As a result of the survey on perception of food waste, male students answered "yes" more than female students when asked about the degree to which they thought food waste was the cause of pollution.
In addition, in the question of the justification for the occurrence of leftover food after meals, male students answered "yes" more than female students, while male students answered "no." In the question of the experience of receiving education to reduce the balance, female students were found to have more education than male students. It was found that male students were more aware than female students in the question of whether they knew how to dispose of leftover food.
As for the types of food left, female students leave the most rice, while male students leave the most soup and stew. In the question of conductivity for new food, male students showed a higher conductivity rate than female students. Female students showed a higher rate than male students in the category of asking for acceptance of food they did not like. Male students showed a higher rate than female students in the category of willingness to improve eating habits for weight loss. In the question of what food the survey subjects answered and why, male students had the highest percentage of "because it was not delicious, because it was disliked," while female students had the highest percentage of "due to a lot of food distribution" and "due to a lack of meal time."
In the question of the degree to which they thought was important in school meals, the percentage of male students who responded that "taste" was very important was higher than that of female students. In terms of nutrition, male students answered "important" more than female students. The percentage of male students who answered that "student preference" was the most important was also higher than that of female students. The percentage of male students who answered that it is very important in "sanitation" was higher than that of female students. In the question of "experience in reducing leftover education," male students had a higher percentage of experience than female students, and in the question of how to reduce leftover, both male and female students had a higher percentage of "reducing the amount of food."
In the question of whether to participate in the residual reduction exercise, female students showed a higher percentage than male students, while male students answered "not participating" overwhelmingly higher than female students. As for the food environment of the survey subjects, the rate of "one to two meals a week" was higher for male students than for female students, and the rate of "not eating at all" was the highest for both male and female students. The frequency of eating out was higher for male students than for female students, and in the question of how often they watch food-related videos, male students answered "not interested" more than female students.
In the question of the degree to which they think is important in school meals, it was found that male students (56.1%) think "taste" is more important than female students (43.9%). In addition, the preference of students was also more important for male students (57.5%) than female students (42.5%). Therefore, in the case of male students, it is composed in consideration of taste and preference when composing a diet, but it can be seen that more nutritional balance education is needed. In addition, it is judged that female students will need education on food waste methods more actively than male students.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 목 차
• 국문초록
• Ⅰ. 서론 3
• 1. 연구의 필요성 및 목적
• 2. 선행 연구 검토
• Ⅱ. 연구 내용 및 방법 8
• 1. 연구 대상 및 조사 기간
• 2. 조사 도구
• 3. 통계 처리
• Ⅲ. 연구 결과 13
• 1. 참여자의 일반적 특성
• 2. 참여자의 식습관 분석
• 3. 음식물 쓰레기에 대한 인식
• 4. 학교 급식에 대한 인식 및 태도
• 5. 음식물 잔반 감소 교육 현황
• 6. 조사 대상자의 식환경
• 7. 조사 대상자의 식습관 중 균형 요인
• Ⅳ. 고찰 50
• Ⅴ. 결론 54
• 참고 문헌 55