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1 Hassan, Ahmad Y., "Transfer of Islamic Technology to the West, Part III, Technology Transfer in the Chemical Industries. History of Science and Technology in Islam, Part I"
2 Galloway, John H., "The Sugar Cane Industry: An Historical Geography from Its Origins to 1914. Vol. 12" Cambridge UP 2005
3 Watt, W. Montgomer, "The Influence of Islam on Medieval Europe. Vol. 9" Edinburgh UP 1972
4 Jones, Dalu, "The Arts of Islam. London: Arts Council of Great Britain" Hayward Gallery 1976
5 Laughlin, Burgess, "The Aristotle Adventure. A Guide to the Greek, Arabic, and Latin Scholars Who Transmitted Aristotle's Logic to the Renaissance" Albert Hale Pub 1995
6 Irwin, Robert, "The Arabian Nights : A Companion" Tauris Parke Paperbacks 2003
7 Watson, Andrew M., "The Arab Agricultural Revolution and its Diffusion, 700–1100" 34 (34): 8-35, 1974
8 Lindberg, David C., "Science in the Middle Ages" University of Chicago Pr 1978
9 D’Alverny, Marie-Thérèse, "Renaissance and Renewal in the Twelfth Century" Harvard Univ. Pr. 421-462, 1982
10 Hoffman, Eva R., "Pathways of Portability : Islamic and Christian Interchange from the Tenth to the Twelfth Century" 24 (24): 17-50, 2007
11 Blanchard, Ian. Mining, "Metallurgy, and Minting in the Middle Ages : Continuing Afro-European Supremacy, 1250-1450. Vol. 3" Franz Steiner Verlag 2001
12 Ghazanfar, Shaikh M., "Medieval Islamic Economic Thought : Filling the"Great Gap"in European Economics" Routledge 2007
13 Grierson, Philip, "Medieval European Coinage" Cambridge UP 1998
14 Bell, Joseph Norment, "Love Theory in Later Hanbalite Islam" State University of New York Pr 1979
15 Lebédel, Claude, "Les Croisades : Origines et Conséquences" Ouest-France 2006
16 Bernard, Lewis, "Les Arabes dans l'histoire" Champs/Flammarion 1993
17 Guettat, Mahmoud, "La Musique Classique du Maghreb" Sindbad 1980
18 Lucas, Adam Robert, "Industrial Milling in the Ancient and Medieval Worlds: A Survey of the Evidence for an Industrial Revolution in Medieval Europe" 46 (46): 1-30, 2005
19 Farmer, Henry George, "Historical Facts for the Arabian Musical Influence" Ayer Publishing 1988
20 Miller, Samuel D., "Guido d'Arezzo : Medieval Musician and Educator" 21 (21): 239-245, 1973
21 Troubadour, "Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians" Macmillan Press Ltd 1935
22 Cardini, Franco, "Europe and Islam. Trans. Caroline Beamish" Blackwell Publishers 147-150, 2001
23 Maddison, Angus, "Contours of the World Economy, 1–2030 AD. Essays in Macro-Economic History" Oxford UP 2007
24 Abu-Lughod, Janet L., "Before European Hegemony : The World System AD 1250-1350" Oxford UP 1991
25 Rosamond, Mack E., "Bazaar to Piazza : Islamic Trade and Italian Art, 1300–1600" Univ. of California Pr 2001
26 King, David A., "A Vetustissimus Arabic Treatise on the Quadrans Vetus" 33 (33): 237-255, 2002
27 Sarton, George, "A Guide to the History of Science" 27 (27): 422-, 1952