기성사회에 대한 저항, 작가주의와 할리우드 상업주의와의 결합, 뉴 할리우드 시네마(1967-1975) = The New Hollywood Cinema: Resistance against Established Society, a Combination of Autuersim and Hollywood Commercialism

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

In U.S history, the period of the 1960s to 1970s, when the New Hollywood Cinema emerged and ended up with more conventional modes of production, was one in which American moral value and justice was crumbled and confused; for example, the civil rights struggle, John F. Kennedy's, the 35th President of the United States, assassination in1963, U.S involvement and withdrawal on the Vietnam War and so forth.
Facing these social upheavals, younger generations became came to realize that the American promise became little more than conservative social norms. That is, the American dream, which can be described as a brief in freedom that allows all citizens and residents of the United States of America to achieve their goal in life through hard work, began to collapse. This internal paradox was revealed by the mass demonstration raised by the postwar generation who came of age at that time. Their rebellion soon created a counter culture and the idea of New Left. The counterculture revolution had a great influence on Hollywood product which was falling behind the rest of the
world-aesthetically, commercially, and even technologically.
Hollywood brought the rebellion of the postwar generation into the screen.
Hollywood movies began to reflect their anti-hero behavior against the political conservatism of the Cold War period, the U.S government's extensive military intervention in Vietnam, their struggle for the civil rights. In this process, particularly, 'auteur theory' in America developed by Andrew Sarris became one of commercial forces for sluggish Hollywood. Hollywood rested on the counter-culture revolution, 'auteur theory', and young directors to overcome its sluggish power among world movie industry. However, this new wave in Hollywood ended up with its returning to more conventional modes of production.
In the year 1973 when the Vietnam war ended, American society was turning into another political conservatism and in Hollywood, a new censorship of movies was restructured. In 1975, the enormous popular success of Jaws restored Hollywood's faith in big-budget, mass-appeal feature. This success led to marketing campaigns designed to ensure film's success. This trend implies that the New Hollywood Cinema no longer was able to exist and moreover, that the success of Hollywood movies afterwards were not associated with the social and political problems of America. The New Hollywood Cinema produced unprecedented new films based on auteur theory and Hollywood commercialism as well.

참고문헌 (Reference)

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