공자의 ‘시중(時中)’과 난세 지성인의 역할 = The Confucian ‘Mean’ and the role of intellectuals in a confused era

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The Presidental impeachment motion passed at the National Assembly in the South Koera on December 9, 2016. As a result of the so-called The monopoly of government affairs issue by an illegal heavyweight, a candlelight vigil began to be used as a driving force to approve the impeachment proceedings by the National Assembly. Finally, on March 10, 2017, President Park Geun-Hye's ruling on the dissolution was made with the consensus of all eight judges of the Constitutional Court.
Thus, in Korea in 2017, a great change that will be remembered in history has been caused by the people. But this is not just changing a leader of a country, but a big event that has been accomplished through an tough process that combines the views of various viewpoints and the ideas of many people who judge them.
One example is the candlelight vigils in favor of impeachment, on the other hand, other groups protest it on the opposite side of the Gwanghwamun for the past several months. In conclusion, in May of 2017, Korea was welcomed by a new leader. In this modern democratic politics, the sovereignty of the people, it became possible to reform the wrong politics and social institutions in a better way reflecting the public sentiment.
But our politics did not always look like this. The Korean Peninsula has undergone many political and social changes since the country was established by Dangun Wanggom, while various incidents have occurred with repetitive confusion and reign of peace.
In Korea, many leaders have appeared through long history and many dynasties, and the country has been operated by many people including vassals and scholars.
However, when the affairs of a country are operating properly, there are no problems, but if the country is confused for a variety of reasons, this will be a serious problem. Many thinkers have presented various perspectives and solutions to the causes and solutions of such confusion, Similarly, in China, many thinkers known as disciples appeared during the chaotic period of the Spring and Autumn period, among which Confucius is known as a representative scholar of Confucianism.
If so, what does Confucius propose as a solution to this confused society? Confucianism explains this in terms of 'Mean(時中)’ which means ‘When I have to go out, just I go and I step back when I retreat.’ and ‘Doing it at the right time.’ The significance of ‘Mean (時中)’ emphasized in Confucianism has been steadily studied not only in the scriptures but also by many scholars of modern times, but there are not many studies that have precisely proved the exact criteria and the basis for this.
The purpose of this paper is to explore the cause of social confusion(Collapsing the Propriety) and the conduction of Confucius(Mean), and to study the standard(Propriety) and the foundation(Humanity and righteousness) of the Confucianism.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 "論語集註"

2 "論語"

3 노사광, "중국철학사" 탐구당 1990

4 오종일, "유학사상의 經과 權" 동양철학연구회 25 : 2001

5 정규훈, "동양사상" 전통문화연구회 2003

6 "禮記"

7 "書經"

8 "孟子集註"

9 "孟子"

10 장승구, "孔子 仁學의 사유방식과 時中의 윤리" 한국유교학회 (26) : 193-216, 2006

11 김도일, "儒家의 時中과 法家의 時勢" 한국중국학회 (80) : 347-362, 2017

12 김일환, "儒家 賢臣論에 대한 時中論的 理解" 동양문화연구원 9 : 105-138, 2012

13 "中庸"

14 박성규, "『논어』의 ‘권(權)’ 개념 - 「자한편」 ‘미가여권(未可與權)’ 장을 중심으로 -" 철학사상연구소 (61) : 135-160, 2016

15 R. Eno, "The Analects of Confucius, Version2.2(Online version)"