자치경찰제 도입에 따른 변화가 생활안전경찰관의 직무만족에 미치는 영향 = The effects of changes following the introduction of the municipal police system on job satisfaction of community safety police officers

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study analyzed what changes the municipal police system, which was implemented nationwide on January 1, 2021, brought about to the police organization, especially the community safety police, and how these changes affected job satisfaction of community safety police officers.
As a result of the analysis, job satisfaction of community safety police officers decreased after the introduction of the municipal police system compared to before the introduction. It was found that community safety police officers perceive that the importance of tasks has decreased, that horizontal communication has become less smooth, that they have received less recognition, that appropriate financial compensation has decreased, and that the possibility of promotion has decreased. It has been found to have a negative impact on satisfaction.
Job satisfaction of organizational members is an important factor that affects not only the individual's sense of achievement and work motivation, but also the organization's performance, goal achievement, and customer satisfaction. This study analyzed that the change in community safety police, which was found to affect the job satisfaction of community safety police officers, was due to the transfer of ‘operation and management of police substation(i.e., patrol division and police box)' from Community Safety Division to 112Emergency Dispatch Center. Accordingly, four plans are proposed for the police to select : returning the ‘operation and management of police substation' to Community Safety Division, community safety police officers directly execute crime prevention, authorized Community Safety Division to supervise crime prevention activities of patrol police officers, transferring crime prevention work to 112Emergency Dispatch Center. As policy measures to improve the job satisfaction of community safety police officers, the introduction of the ‘promotion quota system’, the annualization of the ‘crime prevention policy evaluation meeting’, and the organization and operation of the ‘crime prevention task council’ were proposed.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구는 2021년 1월 1일 전국적으로 시행된 자치경찰제가 경찰조직 특히 생활안전경찰에 어떠한 변화를 가져왔으며, 이러한 변화가 생활안전경찰관의 직무만족에 어떠한 영향을 주었는지를 분석하였다.
분석 결과, 자치경찰제 도입 전에 비해 도입 후 생활안전경찰관의 직무만족도가 낮아졌으며, 생활안전경찰관은 과업중요성이 낮아진 것으로, 수평적 커뮤니케이션이 원활하지 않게 된 것으로, 인정을 덜받게 된 것으로, 적절한 금전적 보상이 감소된 것으로, 승진 가능성이 줄어든 것으로 인식하는 것으로 나타났고, 이러한 인식이 직무만족도가 낮아지는 데에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다.
조직구성원의 직무만족은 개인의 성취감과 근무 의욕뿐만이 아니라 그 조직의 성과, 목표 달성, 고객의 만족에도 영향을 주는 중요한 것이다. 자치경찰제를 도입하면서 시행한 ‘지구대·파출소 운영·관리 업무 이관’ 정책이 생활안전경찰관의 직무만족 저하에 주원인인 것으로 분석되었다. 이에 따라 개선방안으로 생활안전경찰로 지구대·파출소 운영·관리 업무를 환원, 지구대·파출소의 일정 인원을 이관하여 생활안전경찰이 범죄예방의 집행기능을 직접 수행, 생활안전경찰에 범죄예방업무 지도·감독권을 부여, 범죄예방업무를 112치안종합상황실로 이관 등 4가지 방안을 제시하여 선택할 수 있도록 하였다. 아울러 생활안전경찰관의 직무만족도 향상을 위한 정책으로 기능별 심사승진 쿼터제 도입, 범죄예방 정책평가회 연례화, 범죄예방 업무협의체 구성·운영 등 3가지 방안을 제시하였다.