학교시설 안전성 향상을 위한 스마트기술 적용방안에 관한 연구 = A Study on Application Strategies of Smart Technologies for Improving the Safety of School Facilities

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

School facilities are public buildings used continuously by students, teachers, staff, and visitors, and they require systematic safety management across multiple domains, including fire and evacuation safety, access security, pedestrian circulation, facility maintenance, indoor environmental quality, and disaster response. Recently, smart technologies such as IoT sensors, AI-based video analytics, smart CCTV, access control systems, BIM, digital twins, drones, environmental monitoring, and integrated control platforms have attracted attention as practical tools for improving school facility safety. However, studies that systematically examine the linkage between key safety factors and applicable smart technologies in school facilities remain limited. This study aims to propose application directions for smart technologies to improve the safety of school facilities. To this end, relevant laws, policy documents, and previous studies were reviewed to identify key safety factors and applicable smart technologies, and a survey was conducted with 78 experts in school facility management and construction safety. The relative importance of safety factors and the applicability of smart technologies were analyzed using a forced-distribution method. The results show that the key safety factors were ranked in the following order: fire and evacuation safety, access security, disaster response, pedestrian circulation, facility maintenance, and indoor environmental quality. In addition, IoT sensors and environmental monitoring showed relatively high applicability in fire and evacuation safety; access control, AI-based video analytics, and smart CCTV in access security; BIM, digital twins, and drones in facility maintenance; and IoT sensors, AI-based video analytics, digital twins, and integrated control systems in disaster response. These findings suggest that smart technologies in school facilities should not be introduced uniformly, but should be selectively applied according to the characteristics and management goals of each safety factor. Therefore, a smart safety management system for school facilities should prioritize life-safety-related areas and adopt a phased implementation strategy that considers operational conditions and management capacity. This study is meaningful in that it structurally presents the linkage between key safety factors and smart technologies and derives practical application directions for school facility safety management.