유아의 몰입행동특성에 대한 연구 = Understanding of the Finding Flow in Young Children's Free-choice Activities

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study aims to investigate an understanding of the finding flow in young children's free-choice activities, focusing on the context in which the children are immersed activities positively. Flow is defined as "the state in which people are so involved in an activity that nothing else seems to matter", a loss of self-consciousness and a distorted sense of time(Csikszentmihalyi, 1990). The state which the children involved concentration on a activity appears to be a kind of flow because activity itself is considered as children's life, as well their happiness. In activity-oriented early childhood education, an investigation of the context in which the children are engaged and vice versa enables us to access to understand the children's real happiness from the children perspectives. Whereas the happiness obtained from non-flow activity depends highly on external environmental factors, one obtained from flow activity has its real value and it pushes them to a step towards improved quality of children's life.
The research conducted a total of 24 participatory observation sessions with its 5 year-old participants at their respective kindergartens located in Bucheon, Korea from April 1, 2008 to Jun 30, 2008. The data collected from participatory observation. The data was categorized and analyzed with reference to Strauss and Corbin's(1998) Grounded Theory. The research produced the following descriptions and interpretations. The research produced the following descriptions and interpretation. The results revealed four dimensions of the categorizing of flow. first, the children were involved in their activities when their intrinsic motivation was high. They percived the realistic goal of their activites. Second, the children's flow was achieved by their free-choice activites. The children's satisfaction from their flow helped them provide a formation of positive self-efficacy. Third, the children experienced intellectual disequilibrium during the state of flow and such context enabled the children to develop their cognitive knowledge through activity. Fourth, the state of flow provided the children energy which enabled them to solve the problem creatively

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구의 목적은 자유선택활동시간을 중심으로 유아의 자발적 놀이선택에 따른 유아의 몰입행동특성이 어떻게 나타나는지 그 행동특성을 범주화해보는 것이다. 이를 위해 몰입의 행동특성과 관련된 문헌(Csikszentmihalyi, 1990;Gross, 1991;박근수, 유태용, 2007;정혜영, 조연순, 정광순, 박주연, 2004)을 고찰하고, 부천시 S어린이집에 재원중인 만5세 유아 18명을 대상으로 선정하여 참여관찰, 유아와 교사와의 면담을 통해 자료를 수집하였다. 4월 1일부터 6월 30일까지 약 2달 동안의 관찰을 통해 얻은 자료를 분석하였다. 자료를 분석한 결과 다음과 같이 유아의 놀이 몰입행동을 범주화하였다. 유아의 놀이에 몰입하는 행동특성은 첫째, 과제에 대한 전적인 집중 둘째, 도전과 기술의 균형, 셋째, 명확한 목표설정, 넷째, 자기 목적적인 경험, 다섯째, 또래와 상호작용을 통한 몰입행동이 나타났다. 이러한 연구결과는 교사로 하여금 놀이에 몰입하는 유아들의 특성을 이해 할 수 있도록 도우며, 유아의 몰입행동이 유아의 발달에 어떠한 영향을 미칠 수 있는지 추후 연구에도 기초자료로 활용될 수 있으리라 본다.