근세후기 소설을 통해 본『소설신수(小說神髓)』의 ｢소설의 비익(裨益)｣ 분석 = Analysis of ｢Novel’s Profits｣ of 『Shosetsu Shinzui』Seen through Novels in the Late Modern Period

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

『小説神髄』は、日本の文学界が西洋の思潮の影響を受けて変化し始めた過渡期の時点に、その動きを主導した評論集である。『小説神髄』では、独自的な小説論を繰り広げ、｢小説(Novel)｣という文学ジャンルを中心に、當時の文学界を論理的に分析することで、江戸時代まで娯楽的な媒体であった小説の地位を芸術的なジャンルに引き上げた。 逍遥の考えた小説は、政治から自由な芸術自体としての文学ジャンルだったのだが、こういう彼の考えが『小説神髄』では小説を美術に喩えて説明することとして表れている。逍遥の言う小説の｢直接の裨益｣は、美術作品と同じく、人々に娯楽を与え感動させることであり、婦人や子供だけでなくあらゆる人たちに感動を与えることであると語った。そして｢間接の裨益｣は、｢人の気格を高尚になす事｣｢人を勧奨懲誡なす事｣｢正史の補遺となる事｣｢文学の師表となる事｣の四つを挙げた。 小説の｢直接の裨益｣と｢間接の裨益｣をまとめると、結局小説の志向するのは人を楽しませ、人の心を感情的に動かす、すなわち感動を与えることであるといえる。逍遥によると、彼の過ごした時代は、西洋の小説が導入され｢完全な小説｣として認められたし、日本の小説は改良と発展が必要な｢未熟な小説｣に過ぎなかった。日本の小説が完全ではないというのは、近代に至って文学が求められた人間の感情に対する探求が足りないということを意味する。逍遥はこのように日本の小説を批判しながら西洋の小説を受け入れなければならない當為性を説明し、その過程で小説の与える裨益をまとめたのである。

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

『Shosetsu Shinzui』 was published at a transition period when the Japanese literary world began to change under the influence of Western trends. It is a review book. In 『Shosetsu Shinzui』, he developed his own novel theory and logically analyzed the literary world at the time focusing on the literary genre called ‘Novel’, raising the status of novels into an artistic genre. The novel that Shoyo thought was a literary genre as an art itself free from politics, and his thoughts are expressed in『Shosetsu Shinzui』by comparing the novel with art. According to Shoyo, the ‘direct benefit’ of a novel is to entertain and impress people just like a work of art, and to impress everyone, not just women and children, is the direct benefit of a novel. And ‘indirect benefits’ are characterized in terms of ‘enhancing people’s dignity’, ‘recommending and chasing people’, ‘supplementing true affairs’, and ‘becoming an example of literature’. Combining the ‘direct benefit’ and ‘indirect benefits’ of the novel, it can be seen that the purpose of novels is to give pleasure to people and move people’s hearts emotionally, that is, to impress them. According to Shoyo, the era in which he lived was recognized as a ‘complete novel’ when Western novels were introduced, and Japanese novels were nothing more than ‘immature novels’ that needed improvement and development. As such, Shoyo criticized Japanese novels, explained the justification for accepting Western novels, and summarized the benefits of novels in the process.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 1. 머리말 2. 소설의 ‘직접의 이익’ 3. 소설의 ‘간접의 이익’ 4. 맺음말

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 가라타니 고진, "일본근대문학의 기원" 도서출판b 8-9, 2010

2 쓰보우치 쇼요, "소설신수" 고려대학교출판부 82-103, 2007

3 홍성준, "바킨 요미혼에 나타난 교훈성과 서민 교화적 태도" 한국일본사상사학회 (31) : 267-290, 2016

4 "국립국어원 표준국어대사전 ‘보유’"

5 홍성준, "『소설신수(小説神髄)』의 역사소설론 ―지식 수용의 관점으로 본 과도기적 특징을 중심으로―" 일본연구소 56 : 83-102, 2019