近代化 理論 = A Study on the Theory of Modernization

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The concept of "modernization" is subjective as well as objective. According to the points of view, it can be neutral of connotative of value. So it is a very universal concept. The modernization requires the plantation and naturalization of cultures. Thus historical and general integration, and the regional and temporal individualization are desirable for the study on modernization.
As the precedent studies on the common characteristics of the modernization. we can mention Cyril E. Black's 4-phase theory and W. W. Rostow's 5-stage theory of economic growth. Especially, Rostow is a pioneering modernist criticizing the developmental theory of the materialists. They approach the problem of modernization very flexibly, regarding each aspect of the society as interdependent parts of an organic whole.
Black advanced the 7-pattern theory of modernization focusing on the political modernization; S. N. Eisenstadt set up 2 phases of modernization focusing on the patterns of social change: and Szymon Chodak formulated 4 patterns of modernization according to the foundation and the proceeding method of modernization. The accomplished contents and level of the English modernization are assessed variously by each scholar.
The intellectual aspect of modernization was a key to the European growth and the human development. In the psychological aspect, creativity, need for achievement, sense of national mission and resonable orientation have made a great contribution to the modernization. The value systems of these two aspects have provided the ideological foundation for the modernization.