심층시비에 의한 암모니아 배출 저감과 보리의 수량 반응 = Reduction of Ammonia Emission by Deep Fertilization and Yield Response of Barley

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Nitrogen fertilizer applied to agricultural land for cultivation of crops is volatilized and lost into the air as ammonia gas. Ammonia catalyzes the formation of ultrafine dust (PM2.5) in the air, and fine dust including ultrafine dust is a short-lived climate change pollutants (SLCP’s). Ammonia at a high concentration in the air can act as an environmental load on the ecosystem through migration and deposition processes, and can cause a decrease in species diversity and eutrophication of rivers. Currently, fertilizer application for crop production in agricultural land is one of the soil surface application methods, mainly by spraying on the soil surface and then stirring it with the soil. When fertilizer is applied to the soil surface, the crop’s fertilizer absorption rate is low, and it can run out of the farmland by rainfall. Therefore, it is necessary to examine a new fertilization method to reduce ammonia emission due to the use of nitrogen fertilizers and to increase the fertilizer utilization efficiency of crops.
In this study, in order to develop a method to reduce the emission of ammonia by nitrogen fertilizers from the soil surface, deep fertilization was performed using a deep fertilization device, and ammonia emission, barley growth and yield were reviewed. As for the treatment, conventional fertilization (surface application) and deep fertilization (soil depth of 25 cm) were applied. The fertilization rate was 100% of the standard fertilization rate of barley, and the deep fertilization of the three elements N, P, K was applied. Ammonia was collected using a wind tunnel chamber, and ammonia was quantified by the indole phenol blue method. Ammonia by basal application was emitted for about 60 days from about 3 days after fertilization in conventional fertilization, but was not emitted from deep fertilization. Barley plant height, leaf number, and fresh weight were enhancer in the deep fertilization treatment than in the conventional fertilization treatment. For the growth of barley, deep fertilization treatment maintained a better condition than conventional fertilization until the panicle initiation stage, and an increase in production is expected. In conclusion, rather than the current fertilization method of spraying on the soil surface and mixing with the soil, it was considered as a new fertilization method that could reduce ammonia emission and increase the growth and production of barley by injecting nitrogen fertilizer at a soil depth of 25 cm.