Emerging carbon-based nanocomposites for environmental applications

목차 (Table of Contents)

• CONTENTS
• Preface = xi
• 1 Emerging Carbon-Based Nanocomposites for Remediation of Heavy Metals and Organic Pollutants from Wastewater / Prasenjit Kar ; Pratyush Jain ; Raju Kumar Gupta ; Kumud Malika Tripathi = 1
• 1.1 Introduction = 2
• 1.2 Graphene Oxide = 5
• 1.2.1 GO and GO-Nanocomposite for Water Remediation via Adsorption = 6
• 1.3 Carbon Nanotube = 15
• 1.3.1 CNTs as Adsorbent = 16
• 1.4 Conclusion = 19
• Acknowledgements = 20
• References = 20
• 2 Functional Green Carbon Nanocomposites for Heavy Metal Treatment in Water : Advance Removal Techniques and Practices / Sandip Mandal ; Sangeeta Adhikari ; Pu Shengyan ; Ajay Kumar Mishra ; R.K Patel = 31
• 2.1 Introduction = 32
• 2.2 Water Contamination by Heavy Metals = 33
• 2.3 Functional Green Carbon Nanocomposites = 34
• 2.4 Advanced Removal Techniques in Water = 36
• 2.4.1 Sedimentation = 36
• 2.4.2 Chemical Coagulation／Flocculation = 38
• 2.4.3 Chemical Oxidation／Reduction = 39
• 2.4.4 Ion-Exchange Process = 40
• 2.4.5 Adsorption = 42
• 2.5 Conclusion and Future Directions = 48
• References = 48
• 3 Green Nanocomposites : Advances and Applications in Environmentally Friendly Carbon Nanomaterials / Naveen Bunekar ; Tsung Yen Tsai = 55
• 3.1 Introduction = 55
• 3.2 Nanocomposites and their Processing Methods = 57
• 3.3 Structures of Carbon Materials = 58
• 3.4 Polymer／Carbon-Based Nanocomposite = 58
• 3.5 Removal of Chemical Contaminants = 60
• 3.6 Energy Sector = 63
• 3.7 Gas Sensors = 64
• 3.8 Conclusion and Outlook = 65
• Acknowledgment = 65
• References = 65
• 4 Carbon-Based Nanocomposites as Heterogeneous Catalysts for Organic Reactions in Environment Friendly Solvents / Priyanka Choudhary ; Ajay Kumar ; Ashish Bahuguna ; Venkata Krishnan = 71
• 4.1 Introduction = 72
• 4.2 Carbon-Based Nanocomposites for Coupling Reactions = 74
• 4.2.1 C-C Coupling = 74
• 4.2.2 C-N Coupling = 77
• 4.3 Carbon-Based Nanocomposites for Oxidation Reactions = 80
• 4.3.1 Oxidation of Alcohols to Aldehydes／Ketones／Acids = 80
• 4.3.2 Oxidation of Amines to Imines = 85
• 4.3.3 Oxidation of Other Functional Groups = 85
• 4.4 Carbon-Based Nanocomposites for Reduction Reactions = 90
• 4.4.1 Reduction of Nitro Compounds = 90
• 4.4.2 CO₂Reduction = 94
• 4.4.3 Hydrogenation Reactions = 97
• 4.5 Carbon-Based Nanocomposites for Other Organic Transformation Reactions = 100
• 4.5.1 Aza-Michael Addition = 100
• 4.5.2 Tandem Reaction = 108
• 4.5.3 Esterification Reaction = 108
• 4.5.4 Synthesis of Amides From Alcohols = 110
• 4.6 Conclusion and Perspectives = 113
• References = 114
• 5 Carbon-Based Polymer Nanocomposite and Environmental Perspective / Sukanchan Palit ; Chaudhery Mustansar Hussain = 121
• 5.1 Introduction = 122
• 5.2 The Vision of the Study = 122
• 5.3 The Vast Scientific Doctrine of Carbon-Based Polymer Nanocomposites = 123
• 5.4 Environmental Sustainability and the Vision for the Future = 124
• 5.5 Environmental Protection, the Scientific Ingenuity, and the Visionary Future = 124
• 5.6 Recent Advances in the Field of Nanocomposites = 125
• 5.7 Recent Advances in the Field of Carbon-Based Polymer Nanocomposites and Environmental Pollution Control = 129
• 5.8 Carbon-Based Polymer Nano-Composites for Adsorbent Applications = 133
• 5.9 Carbon-Based Polymer Nano-Composites as Anti-Microbial Agents and Membranes = 135
• 5.10 Applications of Carbon Nanocomposites in Removal of Hazardous Organic Substances = 136
• 5.11 Water Purification, Groundwater Remediation, and the Future of Science = 137
• 5.12 Arsenic and Heavy Metal Groundwater Remediation and Composite Science = 138
• 5.13 Integrated Water Resource Management, Human Factor Engineering, and Nanotechnology—A Definite Vision = 138
• 5.14 Technology Management, Environmental Protection, and Water Resource Management = 139
• 5.15 Future of Nanocomposite Applications and Future Research Trends = 140
• 5.16 Conclusion, Summary, and Vast Scientific Perspectives = 141
• References = 142
• Important Websites for Reference = 144
• 6 Biochar-Based Adsorbents for the Removal of Organic Pollutants from Aqueous Systems / Nhamo Chaukura ; Thato M. Masilompane ; Willis Gwenzi ; Ajay K. Mishra = 147
• 6.1 Introduction = 148
• 6.2 Biosorbents = 149
• 6.2.1 Raw Biomass = 150
• 6.2.2 Activated／Synthetic Biomaterials = 152
• 6.3 Biochar Production Techniques = 155
• 6.4 Application of Biosorbents for the Sequestration of Selected Organic Pollutants = 156
• 6.4.1 Sequestration of Endocrine Disrupting Compounds and Pharmaceuticals = 156
• 6.4.2 Removal of Dyes = 157
• 6.4.3 Removal of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons = 157
• 6.5 Removal Mechanisms = 163
• 6.6 Challenges Associated With Biochar Technology = 164
• 6.7 Conclusion = 164
• 6.8 Future Scenario = 165
• References = 165
• 7 Advances in Carbon Nanomaterial-Based Green Nanocomposites / Ambika ; Pradeep Pratap Singh = 175
• 7.1 Introduction = 175
• 7.2 Carbon Nanomaterial-Based Green Nanocomposites = 176
• 7.2.1 CNT-Filled Green Nanocomposites = 176
• 7.2.2 Graphene and Its Derivative Filler-Based Nanocomposites = 177
• 7.2.3 Nanodiamond-Filled Green Nanocomposite = 177
• 7.3 Methods of Processing for Carbon-Based Nanocomposites = 178
• 7.3.1 Melt Intercalation = 178
• 7.3.2 Exfoliation Adsorption = 178
• 7.3.3 Emulsion Polymerization = 178
• 7.3.4 In Situ Polymerization = 178
• 7.3.5 Template Synthesis (Sol-Gel Technology) = 178
• 7.3.6 Green Methods = 179
• 7.4 Unique Properties of Carbon-Based Green Nanocomposites = 179
• 7.4.1 Size and Structure = 179
• 7.4.2 Thermal and Mechanical Properties = 180
• 7.4.3 Electrical Properties = 182
• 7.5 Applications of Carbon-Based Green Nanocomposites = 182
• 7.5.1 Wastewater Treatment = 183
• 7.5.2 Packaging and Coating = 184
• 7.5.3 Sensing and Detection = 185
• 7.5.4 As Catalyst = 186
• 7.5.5 Biomedical Applications = 187
• 7.5.6 Miscellaneous = 188
• 7.6 Future Prospects = 188
• 7.7 Conclusions = 189
• References = 190
• 8 Removal of Trihalomethanes from Water Using Nanofiltration Membranes / Feyisayo Victoria Adams ; Peter Apata Olubambi = 203
• 8.1 Introduction = 204
• 8.2 Factors Influencing the Removal of THMs From Water = 204
• 8.2.1 Effects of Other Contaminants on Formation and Removal of THMs = 205
• 8.2.2 Effects of Transmembrane Pressures, Fluxes, and Feed Concentrations = 206
• 8.2.3 Effect of THMs Adsorption on Rejection = 206
• 8.2.4 Effect of Membrane Materials = 207
• 8.3 Summary and Outlook = 208
• References = 209
• 9 Nanocomposite Materials as Electrode Materials in Microbial Fuel Cells for the Removal of Water Pollutants / Akil Ahmad ; Asma Khatoon ; Mohammad Faisal Umar ; Syed Zaghum Abbas ; Mohd Rafatullah = 213
• 9.1 Introduction = 213
• 9.2 Microbial Fuel Cells : An Emerging Wastewater Treatment and Power Technology = 215
• 9.3 Pollutants Removal Using MFCs System = 215
• 9.3.1 Metal Removal Using MFCs System = 216
• 9.3.2 Organic Pollutants Using MFCs System = 224
• 9.4 Conclusion and Outlook = 227
• Acknowledgement = 228
• References = 228
• 10 Plasmonic Smart Nanosensors for the Determination of Environmental Pollutants / Yeşeren Saylan ; Fatma Yılmaz ; Erdoğan Özgür ; Ali Derazshamshir ; Adil Denizli = 237
• 10.1 Introduction = 238
• 10.2 Principle of Plasmonic Nanosensors = 239
• 10.3 Applications of Plasmonic Nanomaterials in Sensing = 241
• 10.3.1 Recognition Molecules = 242
• 10.3.2 Quantum Dots = 248
• 10.3.3 Gold Nanoparticles = 249
• 10.3.4 Graphene and Graphene Oxide = 253
• 10.4 Plasmonic Nanosensors = 254
• 10.4.1 Evanescent Wave Fiber Nanosensors = 254
• 10.4.2 SPR Nanosensors = 255
• 10.4.3 SERS and LSPR-Based Optical Nanosensors = 261
• 10.5 Plasmonic Nanosensors for Pollution Control and Early Warning = 264
• 10.6 Conclusion, Key Trends and Perspectives = 265
• References = 266
• Index = 281