IT 서비스업의 글로벌 무역 네트워크 및 부가가치 무역의 특징 분석 = A Study on ESG Evaluation Factors of Social Enterprises: Based on K-ESG

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Purpose: In order to take into account the importance of the IT services industry related to the 4th industrialrevolution and to supplement the limitations of the export/import analysis based on gross export statistics, weattempted to analyze the status and features of the value-added export network of IT services industry. Through thetrade network analysis, we suggest the necessity of policies to foster the IT service industry and provide policyrecommendations for industrial development.
Research design, data, and methodology: This study uses the 2005 and 2014 World Input-Output Table (WIOT) todecompose gross exports into value-added exports according to gross exports decomposition methodology. We thenobtain the world trade matrix based on the domestic value-added statistics. By applying network analysismethodology to the world trade matrix, the characteristics and changes of the global value-added trade in IT servicesindustry were identified through centrality analysis and core-periphery analysis. In addition, this study identified thestatus of Korea and Japan’s IT services industry in the world value-added trade network.
Results: The countries with the greatest influence in terms of domestic value-added exports in the IT services industryare the European Union (EU), the United States (USA), the United Kingdom (GBR), Canada (CAN), and India (IND). Incontrast to the IT manufacturing industry, where Korea, Japan, and China were among the core countries, Korea,Japan, and China were not among the core countries and remain as peripheral countries in the IT services industry.
The ratio of domestic value-added exports to gross exports in Korea’s IT services industry is lower than that of theEU, USA, Japan, and China, and the ratio of foreign value-added exports to gross exports is higher than that of theUSA, Japan, and China. This fact can be seen as a structure in which Korea’s IT services firms import and inputintermediate goods from abroad and then export the processed final goods to the global market.
Implications: Since the early 2,000s, Korea’s IT industry’s production and exports have grown significantly in volume,and its influence has been greatly strengthened in the global IT market. However, the strengthening of Korea’sinfluence on the global trade in the IT industry is mainly due to the growth of IT manufacturing industry, and thecompetitiveness imbalance between IT manufacturing and IT services industry is very severe. Therefore, it is necessaryto take measures to strengthen the competitiveness of Korea’s IT services industry. First, it is necessary to overcomethe foreign value-added import - processing production structure and strengthen value-added production capacity byinvesting in the improvement of human capital and technology in the IT services and software fields. Second, it isnecessary to promote the globalization of firms through export support measures for the IT services industry. In fact,while major Korean firms have IT services affiliates, the sales of these affiliates are stable, and there is no incentive for

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 요시모토 코지 ; 김영근 ; 이홍배, "한일 양국의 산업 간 생산네트워크 변화와 특징" 한일경상학회 54 : 97-122, 2012

2 김희철, "한국 IT산업의 수출경쟁력 분석에 관한 연구 - 한,미,일,중의 수출경쟁력 분석을 중심으로 -" 한국무역연구원 7 (7): 183-200, 2011

3 김지현, "한국 IT산업의 미국, 중국, 일본시장에서 수출경쟁력 분석" 국제e-비즈니스학회 12 (12): 433-453, 2011

4 유재선, "한국 IT산업의 대(對)아세안 무역 경쟁력 연구" 한일경상학회 94 : 1-13, 2022

5 유재선 ; 김영근, "한국 IT 산업의 對중국 경쟁력 연구" 한국무역통상학회 17 (17): 31-61, 2017

6 김성국, "사회연결망을 이용한 수산물 무역 네트워크 분석에 관한 연구" 한국해양비즈니스학회 (26) : 27-57, 2013

7 박지문 ; 김성국 ; 김한호, "사회연결망을 이용한 굴 무역 네트워크에 관한 연구" 한국무역학회 40 (40): 51-70, 2015

8 이경민 ; 이춘수, "사회연결망분석을 이용한 HS 제71류의 귀금속 무역 네트워크에 관한 연구" 한국무역보험학회 17 (17): 123-145, 2016

9 최종일, "부가가치 무역자료를 이용한 IT 산업의 네트워크 특성에 관한 연구" 국제e-비즈니스학회 19 (19): 227-244, 2018

10 김성국 ; 이승택, "방위산업의 글로벌 무역 네트워크 분석에 관한 연구" 한국무역연구원 11 (11): 599-613, 2015

11 김용진 ; 김영진 ; 이덕희, "무역네트워크 분석을 통한 한국 화장품 산업의 국제적 위상에 관한 연구 - 한중 FTA 사례를 중심으로 -" 한국무역학회 41 (41): 63-87, 2016

12 정해식 ; 임달호, "글로벌 ICT 산업의 수출 경쟁우위 패턴변화에 관한 연구 - 한국과 중국 및 일본을 중심으로 -" 한일경상학회 79 : 67-91, 2018

13 Stehrer, R., "Trade in Value Added and the Value Added in Trade" NBER 2012

14 Koopman, Robert, "Tracing Value-added and Double Counting in Gross Exports" 104 (104): 459-494, 2014

15 Hummels, D., "The Nature and Growth of Vertical Specialization in World Trade" 54 (54): 75-96, 2001

16 Amighini, A., "The International Reorganization of Auto Production" 37 (37): 923-952, 2013

17 Baldwin, Richard, "Supply－Chain Trade: A Portrait of Global Patterns and Several Testable Hypotheses" NBER 2013

18 Kim, Jong-Ki, "Structural Change of Global Value Chain in the Korea’s ICT Industry and Development Strategies" Korea Institute for Industrial Economics and Trade(KIET) 2014

19 Bonacich, P., "Some Unique Properties of Eigen Vector Centrality" 29 : 555-564, 2007

20 Scott, J., "Social Network Analysis: A Handbook" Sage Publications 2000

21 Wang, Zhi, "Quantifying International Production Sharing at the Bilateral and Sector Levels" NBER 2013

22 정준호 ; 조형제, "OECD 부가가치 기준 교역자료를 이용한 자동차산업글로벌 생산 네트워크의 특성 분석" 한국경제지리학회 19 (19): 491-511, 2016

23 Borgatti, S. P., "Models of Corer/Periphery Structure" 21 (21): 375-495, 1999

24 최종일, "IT 산업의 국가간 무역 네트워크 영향력과 커뮤니티 구조에 관한 연구" 국제e-비즈니스학회 18 (18): 247-263, 2017

25 Ji, Qiang, "Evolution of the World Crude Oil Market Integration : A Graph Theory Analysis" 53 : 90-100, 2015

26 Choi, Nakgyoon, "East Asian Value Chains and Economic Effects of Trade Agreements" 2013

27 Freeman, L. C., "Centrality in Social Networks Conceptual Clarification" 1 (1): 399-410, 1979

28 Kim, Ba-woo, "Analysis and Implication of Korea-Japan Trade Network" Korea Institute for Industrial Economics and Trade(KIET) 2015

29 Timmer, M. P., "An Illustrated User Guide to the World Input–Output Database: the Case of Global Automotive Production" 23 : 575-605, 2015

30 Timmer, M. P., "An Anatomy of the Global Trade Slowdown Based on the WIOD 2016 Release"