지하철 역사 내 경로탐색을 통한 성별 시지각-인지관계에 관한 연구 = Research on the gender correlation between visual perception and recognition through path finding in subway station

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

(Background and Purpose)Since movements carried out within subway stations have a clear purpose, ease in terms of path-finding is very important. However, the public environment of cities is becoming increasingly complicated, and users are facing greater difficulties in finding their way. In addition, as the cognition of direction in underground spaces is restricted in terms of information that can be acquired externally with regard to the characteristics of the space, there is greater necessity for supplementary visual cues. Thus, from a preliminary knowledge point of view, this research investigates the visual environmental factors and gender cognition characteristics that influence spatial cognition among visitors searching for a path through the subway station. (Method) First, this study considered spatial cognition environments within underground spaces, and the composition required for path-finding, and identified the visual clues that are used to move through a subway station based on advanced research. Second, an eye-tracking test was carried out among sample groups that were equally divided by genders after establishing the test environment. Third, visual information based on advanced research was set as the “Area of Interest,” and observation characteristics were analyzed based on an observation data heatmap, number of observations, and time of observations. Fourth, gender cognition characteristics were analyzed based on previously considered observation characteristics, and a general conclusion was drawn after investigating the gender differences. (Results) This research identified a range of observation characteristics using a heatmap via a qualitative analysis, and a proportional relationship was established by drawing a correlation between the number of participants in the quantitative analysis. Based on this, a conclusion could be drawn from the differences in gender observation characteristics within the observation data. (Conclusions) First, reliance on signs was high in the case of signs that were attached to the ceiling, and in terms of the observation characteristics of the first visit; in revisits, there was a high frequency of relying on signs located higher in the ceiling. Second, unlike females, who observed the specific facilities in the ratio of observation number in situation first visit, males observed all factors of the space and showed high cognitive ability with respect to the place they visited first. Third, it was recognized that large and invariable factors acted as visual clues in the case of males, and small and variable factors formed visual clues in the case of females, when they searched areas during situation revisits. It was thus interpreted that the observation characteristics of males and females are similar, as the information-acquisition ability of females increased depending on the surrounding environment. Fourth, regarding the number of observations, the visual clues were influenced by the surrounding location and size, but also by the signs that indicated the purpose of the space and facilities.

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