탈냉전기 미국 정보공동체의 변화

국문 초록 (Abstract)

이 논문의 주요 목적은 9.11 사태 후의 정보개혁에 따라 미국 ‘정보공동체’(IC)의 구조와 역할이 어떻게 변화하였는가에 대한 포괄적이고도 최신의 정보를 제공하는 것이다. 9.11 사태까지의 탈냉전기의 미국의 정보개혁은 커다란 변화를 가져오지 못했으나, 엄청난 정보실패로 특징지어진 9.11 사태는 2004년의 ‘정보개혁및테러방지법’(IRTPA) 등을 포함한 입법을 가능하게 했다. 2004년의 이 법에 따라 정보공동체를 이끌어갈 ‘국가정보장’(DNI)이라는 직위가 만들어졌고, ‘국가비확산센터’(NCPC) 및 ‘국가대테러센터’(NCTC) 등의 국가센터가 설립되었다. 미국에서는 탈냉전기의 도전적인 국가안보 필요를 충족하기 위한 여러 개혁이 현재도 지속되고 있다. 이러한 미국의 경험으로부터 우리는 무엇을 배워야 하는가? 이 논문은 정보기관의 민주화 및 변화하는 환경에의 대응능력을 강화를 위한 법적?제도적 조치를 연구?권고하기 위해 대통령과 국회에 의해 뒷받침되는 국가위원회를 설립할 것을 제안한다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The main purpose of this paper is to provide the readers with comprehensive and up-to-date information regarding the structure and roles of the United States Intelligence Community(IC) that have changed significantly by intelligence reforms after the terrorist attack on the U.S. on 11 September 2001(9/11). None of the reforms in the Post-Cold War era until the 9/11 led to extensive changes of the IC. However, the 9.11 characterized as a massive intelligence failure made possible the enactments of intelligence reform laws including the Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act of 2004(IRTPA). The IRTPA created a Director of National Intelligence(DNI) who will head the IC and national centers such as the National Counterproliferation Center(NCPC) and the National Counterterrorism Center(NCTC). In America, many reforms are still going on to meet the challenging needs of national security in the Post-Cold War era. What should we learn from this American experience? The paper recommends to establish a national intelligence commission backed by both the President and the National Assembly to research and recommend legal and institutional measures in order to democratize Korean intelligence agencies and to enhance their capabilities to cope with ever changing environments.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 국문초록
• Ⅰ. 서론
• Ⅱ. 탈냉전, 9.11 사태와 미국의 정보개혁
• Ⅲ. 미국의 정보공동체 현황
• Ⅳ. 결론
• 참고문헌
• 〈Abstract〉

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