긍정심리기반 집단미술치료가 교도소 수형자들의 인지정서조절 및 삶의 기대에 미치는 영향

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study investigated the effect of positive psychology-based group art therapy on cognitive emotion control and expectation of life of prisoners. Psychological characteristics and environmental characteristics of prisoners were analyzed through precedent studies and prior research, and researched by focusing on cognitive emotion control related to impulse control and matured self, positive hope and adaptation of life after release, and expectancy of life for prevention of repeated crime. Research problems to be investigated in detail in this study are as follows.
First, what was the effect of positive psychology-based group art therapy on cognitive emotion control of prisoners?
Secondly, what was the effect of positive psychology-based group art therapy on expectation of life of prisoners?
The subject of this study consisted of 30 male prisoners in vocational training prison located in H-si, Gyeonggi-do. The age of subjects was from 19 to 67 years old, and was composed of a random group of general illegal acts as 14 convicts of fraud, 4 habitual and habitual larceny, 2 narcotics violation(psychotropic), 2 unlawful interference with a public official in the execution of his duty, 2 calumny, 1 violence(deadly weapon and injury), 1 speculative act and violation of special act and regulation of violence, 1 arsonist of residential construction, and 1 violation of chemical control act.
Prior research was conducted for comparative study on female convicts and male convicts for 2 days on Aug 24th and 26th, 2015, and this study was conducted for 12 sessions in 2015. Art therapy and research were conducted on identical objects and group according to the date of personality intensive education set by the Ministry of Justice and a relevant organization.
The whole purpose of art therapy program was to enhance self-understanding based on positive psychology, positive self-discovery through positive perspective, and to develop vibrant energy for self-reflection and to return to normal social life by improving cognitive and emotional control and expectance of life by maximizing strengths and restoring self-respect.
For research tool, quality of life scale and cognitive emotional regulation strategy scale were used for quantitative tool, landscape montage technique(LMT) and house-tree-person test(HTP) were used for qualitative tool, and main results of this study are as follows
First, according to the analysis result of the quantitative scale test of house-tree-person test(HTP), ex ante and ex post analysis showed significant difference in all 4 areas of the picture test as house(H), tree(T), Person1(P), and Person2(PP). Secondly, as a result of investigating the Purpose in Life Test(PIL), ex ante and ex post analysis showed significant difference. Thirdly, according to the analysis result of Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire(CERQ), score increased in questions excluding ‘positive altered focus’, a subdomain of adaptive emotion regulation, but was not significant. According to the analysis result by item in cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire, prisoners did not show statistically significant difference in self-reflection, regret, and discernment through group art therapy which is a special psychological reaction of convicts, who have committed crime, that it signifies rise in oppositional value unlike general people. Fourthly, according to the qualitative analysis result of landscape montage technique(LMT), they showed distinct development in ‘color’ and ‘completeness’ that it was identified that integrated recognition on their inner-self and life improved harmoniously.
Based on the results above, it can be concluded that positive psychology-based group art therapy improves focus of prisoners in a positive way and improves self insight and expectancy of life, and it is expected that repeated crime can be prevented if positive psychology group art therapy is conducted on prisoners continuously based on special psychological response and results of prisoners through psychological integration and expectation and goal of positive living.