인구변동(人口變動)과 복지적(福祉的) 과제(課題) = Population Changes and Social Welfare Tasks

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

We would affirm that modernization of society is necessarily accompanied by population changes, and at the other hand, the countermeasures to the anticipated problems caused by the population changes have to be taken.
Efforts for the control of population growth made during the last 20 years are expected to maintain a stable population in future, and we hope these changes will be attained within the earlier period. Now is the moment that we cannot limit our concern to the population growth control, rather we have to consider the social welfare task in the aspect of population stability. It is not because population changes set limits to artificial control, but because the order of population changes presents a desirable sign for low fertility, and further important thing is, we have to pay attention to how to make human beings already born as well as to be born in future enjoy their quality of life.
Needless to say, socio-economic stability requires economic stabilization to meet basic essential needs. However supposing this. social welfare tasks shall be different in their pattern depending upon population changes. In other words, since quantitative growth of population has a close relationship with social. economic and environmental conditions and cause increase of basic demands for human survival or deterioration of life environment, a stable population shall be quickly attained. Changes in population structure, along with the quantitative growth of population make changes in patterns of social welfare demands. While the pyramid type of population structure becomes changed to the bell or pot type of population structure, changes in education and employment as well as changes in problems of the aged and medical demands must be made.
On the other hand, population changes accompany the value changes in the process of modernization of society. This multiple social changes bring about a value of individualism and a nuclear family norm, and a enlargement of women`s social participation which, in turn, cause the in- and out-family problems. At the same time, social deviator and failures must be increased in the industrial society, and thus, countermeasures in the aspect of welfare have to be taken. In this respect, the base of social welfare for meeting basic demands have to be formed not in the past narrow sense, but in the long- range and multi-sided aspects.