An ethnographic study of ‘sanga awu’ in Minahasa, North Sulawesi, Indonesia

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본고는 미나하사의 문화와 전통이 이상으로 생각했던 가정/확대가족에 관한 토착적 가치체계를 고찰하였다. 이를 위해 미나하사의 ‘sanga awu’ (가정/확대가족; 축자적으로는 ‘같은 식사장소’)를 살펴봄과 동시에 ‘sanga awu’가 공동체적 삶에 있어서 ‘kumpulan’ (사회문화적 회합) 및 ‘mapalus’ (호혜적 협회)의 사회문화적 유형으로 실천됨을 논의하였다. 본고는 특정한 맥락 하에서의 미나하사 가정/확대가족의 일상적인 경험, 삶의 패턴이 양산되는 방식, 또는 문화적 혼종화의 맥락에 주목하기 보다는 이상화된 ‘sanga awu’에 대한 이념적이고 관념적인 문화적 가치와 관련된 내용을 중점적으로 다루었다.
본고는 우선 서론에서 1830년대 화란개혁주의선교회(NZG)가 미나하사에 도착한 이후 식민지 정책(Staatsblad 1861)과 그리스도교화 맥락 하에서 가정/가족에 대한 가부장적 가치 및 기대가 이념화되어 확산되었음을 간략하게 지적하였다. 이후 본론과 결론에서 식민정책과 그리스도교화 맥락 하에서 가부장적 가치가 확산되기는 했으나, 미나하사 가정/확대가족에 관한 토착적 문화가치체계는 가정/확대가족을 위계적이기 보다는 상호보완적으로 평가하며, 이는 식민지정책(Staatsblad 1861) 및 가부장적인 그리스도교적 이상화에 대한 반증임을 강조하였다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This paper examines the indigenous ideas of household and family as they are idealized in the context of Minahasan cultural values, ideas and expectations. In this regards, it examines the socio-cultural landscape of ‘sanga awu’ (Minahasan household or extended family; literally ‘same eating place’) and also discusses socio-cultural practices of ‘sanga awu’ in the forms of ‘kumpulan’ (socio-cultural gathering) and ‘mapalus’ (reciprocal institution) in community life. In so doing, it primarily deals with the idealized values and expectations of ‘sanga awu’, rather than lived experiences of ‘sanga awu’, the ways in which socio-cultural patterns of their lives are generated in a certain context, or their socio-cultural images in the context of cultural hybridization. This paper briefly points out in the ‘Introduction’ that along with the arrival of the NZGin the 1830s, the indigenous landscape of ‘sanga awu’ encountered newly-emerged patriarchal ideas of household and their dissemination by the formal regulations of the colonial government such as the Staatsblad [State Gazette] of 1861 and also through the teachings of Christianmissions. Then it argues in themain sections that the indigenous imagery of household, extended family and community life views the roles and status of husband and wife as complementary rather than hierarchical in the context of Minahasan cultural values, ideas and expectations. It runs counter to the Staatsblad [State Gazette] of 1861 and also the teachings of earlier Christian missionaries.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Abstract
• Ⅰ. Introduction
• Ⅱ. Individual ‘sanga awu’
• Ⅲ. Extended ‘sanga awu’
• Ⅳ. The practices of extended ‘sanga awu’ in community life
• Ⅴ. Conclusion
• References
• 국문요약

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