According to the World Bank PPI Database (2023), between 1990 and 2019, Indonesia financed 135 Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs), amounting to USD 76.16 billion. However, many of these projects experienced budget overruns and delays due to land acqui...
According to the World Bank PPI Database (2023), between 1990 and 2019, Indonesia financed 135 Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs), amounting to USD 76.16 billion. However, many of these projects experienced budget overruns and delays due to land acquisition challenges stemming from decentralization and local opposition. PPPs offer the potential to alleviate poverty through infrastructure development while simultaneously advancing gender equality and women over time (World Bank Group 2019). However, during infrastructure development in Indonesia have not integrated audit criteria to address gender-specific issues (UNDP 2021).
This study aims to investigate the roles of stakeholder and gender in land acquisition for PPPs in Section VI of the Yogyakarta-Bawen Road, Central Java, Indonesia. Employing qualitative method, the study utilizes survey and unstructured interviews conducted through a snowballing sampling method. The study revealed a power imbalance among stakeholders in Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs), with public-sector entities, especially State-Owned Enterprises (SOEs), exerting dominant control. This dominance constraints private sector participation and diminishes the role of NGOs in advocating for community interest. As a results, gender perspectives are insufficiently integrated into PPP processes. Particularly women who are non-compensation recipients, excluded from critical stages such as information dissemination and public consultations. Based on the result of the study, our main policy recommendation is improvement including, strategic multistakeholder coordination, gender mainstreaming in PPPs, comprehensive feasibility study, proper risk allocation, community engagement, transparency and accountability, inclusivity and sustainability.