Digital preservation for libraries, archives, and museums : Edward M. Corrado, Heather Moulaison Sandy

목차 (Table of Contents)

• CONTENTS
• List of Illustrations = xv
• Foreword to the First Edition / Michael Lesk = xvii
• Preface = xxi
• Acknowledgments = xxvii
• Part Ⅰ Situating Digital Preservation
• 1 What Is Digital Preservation? = 3
• Introduction = 3
• Debunking Digital Preservation = 4
• Digital Preservation Is Not Only about Backups and Recovery = 4
• Digital Preservation Is Not Only about Access = 4
• Digital Preservation Is Not an Afterthought = 5
• Elements of Digital Preservation = 6
• Why Digital Preservation? = 8
• Digital Preservation : A Management Issue = 10
• Why Libraries, Archives, and Museums? = 12
• Conclusion = 14
• 2 Getting Started with the Digital Preservation Triad = 17
• Introduction = 17
• Steps in the Digital Preservation Process = 19
• The Digital Preservation Triad = 21
• Management = 21
• Policies and Planning for Digital Preservation = 21
• Technology Decisions = 23
• The Question of Rights = 24
• Resource Issues = 25
• Human Resources = 25
• Financial Resources = 27
• Outreach and Sustainability = 29
• Technology = 30
• Trustworthy Digital Preservation Systems = 30
• Servers, Storage, and Other Computer Equipment = 33
• Metadata = 34
• File Formats = 34
• Content = 35
• Copyright Issues = 36
• International Aspects of Copyright = 37
• Content-Related Challenges = 37
• Conclusion = 38
• Part Ⅱ Management Aspects
• 3 Management for Digital Preservation = 45
• Introduction = 45
• Management Aspects = 46
• What Is Management? = 46
• Strategic Planning = 46
• Budget Management = 47
• Technology Management = 48
• Human Resources Management = 48
• Change Management = 49
• Making the Most of Change = 50
• Communication = 51
• Conclusion = 51
• 4 The OAIS Reference Model = 54
• Introduction = 54
• History = 55
• OAIS Reference Model Components = 56
• Terminology = 56
• Information Model = 56
• OAIS Functional Model = 57
• OAIS Mandatory Responsibilities = 59
• Negotiates for and Accepts Information = 59
• Obtains Sufficient Control for Preservation = 59
• Determines Designated Community = 60
• Ensures Information Is Independently Understandable = 60
• Follows Established Preservation Policies and Procedures = 60
• Makes the Information Available = 61
• Conclusion = 62
• 5 Organizing Digital Content = 64
• Introduction = 64
• Metadata in Digital Librarianship = 65
• Descriptive Metadata = 66
• Administrative Metadata = 67
• Technical Metadata = 68
• Structural Metadata = 68
• Encoding Metadata Files = 70
• Structure of Metadata Files = 70
• Markup Languages = 71
• Metadata Schema = 72
• Dublin Core Metadata Element Set (DCMES) = 73
• Metadata Encoding and Transmission Standard (METS) = 73
• METS Profiles = 74
• Metadata Standards Used by Special Communities = 74
• Schemas for Administrative and Technical Metadata = 75
• Digital Provenance Schemas = 75
• Rights Metadata Schemas = 76
• Technical Metadata for Text (textMD) = 77
• Preservation Vocabularies = 77
• Web-Based Description = 77
• Application Profiles = 77
• Converting Records and Data to a New Format = 78
• Metadata Generation and Creation = 78
• Documentation = 80
• Metadata Exchange = 82
• Conclusion = 82
• 6 Consortia and Membership Organizations = 87
• Introduction = 87
• Activities of Digital Preservation Consortia = 88
• Education and Advocacy = 88
• Research = 90
• Software Development and Support = 91
• Providing Digital Preservation Services = 92
• LOCKSS Networks = 93
• Other Consortia Providing Digital Preservation Services = 94
• Consortia That Include Digital Preservation in Addition to Their Core Missions = 96
• Challenges for Consortia That Are Preserving Things = 98
• Conclusion = 99
• 7 Human Resources and Education = 103
• Introduction = 103
• Human Resources = 103
• Categories of Human Resources = 104
• Education for Digital Preservation = 106
• Digital Preservation and Digital Curation : What's in a Name? = 106
• University-Level Education for Digital Preservation = 107
• Certificates = 107
• Masters Programs = 107
• Other Formal Instruction Relating to Digital Preservation = 109
• Continuing Education for Digital Preservation = 109
• Self-Guided Continuing Education in Digital Preservation = 110
• University-Sponsored Continuing Education Workshops in Digital Preservation = 110
• Institute-Sponsored Continuing Education in Digital Preservation = 111
• Research in Digital Preservation = 111
• Institutes for Research into Digital Preservation : The UC3 = 111
• Venues for Publishing on Digital Preservation (Journals) = 112
• Venues for Presenting on Digital Preservation (Conferences) = 112
• Future Directions in Digital Preservation = 114
• Conclusion = 114
• 8 Sustainable Digital Preservation = 117
• Introduction = 117
• Digital Preservation and Risk Management = 118
• Involvement in the Creation Process = 119
• Open and／or Well-Documented Standards and Systems = 119
• Making Informed Decisions and Documenting Them = 119
• Accepted Standards for Metadata Schemas = 120
• Needs of the User = 120
• Exit Strategy = 120
• Succession Planning = 121
• Other Considerations for Risk Management = 122
• Sustainable Digital Resources = 122
• Blue Ribbon Task Force on Sustainable Digital Preservation and Access = 124
• Five Conditions Necessary for Digital Preservation Sustainability = 124
• Factors Affecting Digital Preservation Sustainability = 126
• Organizational Factors = 126
• Financial Factors = 128
• Cost Models = 128
• Return on Investment = 129
• Revenue Streams = 130
• Social and Societal Factors = 131
• Technological Factors = 132
• Homegrown, Open Source, and Proprietary Software Development Models = 133
• Memorandums of Understanding (MOUs) = 135
• Conclusion = 138
• Part Ⅲ Technology Aspects
• 9 Digital Repository Software and Digital Preservation Systems = 147
• Introduction = 147
• What Is a Digital Repository? = 147
• Benefits of Digital Repositories = 148
• Digital Asset Management = 149
• What Is a Digital Preservation System? = 150
• Cloud Computing and Repositories = 151
• DuraSpace's DuraCloud = 154
• Opportunities and Challenges = 155
• Conclusion = 155
• 10 The Digital Preservation Repository and Trust = 158
• Introduction = 158
• Trust = 159
• Trusted Repository Criteria and Checklists = 160
• European Framework for Audit and Certification of Digital Repositories = 161
• Basic Certification : Data Seal of Approval = 162
• Extended Certification : DIN 31644 and nestor Certification = 163
• Formal Certification = 165
• TRAC, TDR, and ISO 16363 = 166
• Center for Research Libraries TRAC Audits = 168
• DRAMBORA = 168
• Security = 169
• Privacy = 170
• Trust in Cloud-Based Systems = 171
• Conclusion = 172
• 11 Metadata for Digital Preservation = 177
• Introduction = 177
• Metadata Necessary for Digital Preservation = 177
• Preservation Description Information (PDI) = 178
• Provenance Information = 179
• Reference Information = 181
• Fixity Information = 181
• Context Information = 181
• Access Rights Information = 181
• Digital Preservation Metadata = 182
• Metadata Specific to Digital Preservation = 182
• PREMIS Model = 183
• Encoding PREMIS Metadata = 188
• Conclusion = 188
• 12 File Formats and Software for Digital Preservation = 191
• Introduction = 191
• File Formats = 192
• File Formats for Digital Preservation = 194
• Textual and Other Document Files = 194
• Still Images = 195
• Audio and Video Files = 196
• Evaluating File Formats for Digital Preservation = 198
• Park and Oh's Common Criteria Used to Evaluate File Formats = 199
• File Migration Considerations = 203
• Fixity and Checksums = 204
• Determining File Formats = 204
• File Extensions = 205
• MIME Internet Media Types = 206
• File Format Registries = 206
• PRONOM = 207
• Global Digital Format Registry (GDFR) = 207
• Unified Digital Format Registry (UDFR) = 208
• DBpedia = 208
• Let's Solve the File Format Problem = 208
• Why Are Registries So Difficult? = 209
• Software to Help Identify File Formats = 209
• Generic Tools = 209
• File Type Specific Tools = 212
• PDF Tools = 212
• Microsoft Word Office Format Tool = 213
• Image Format Tools = 213
• Audio／Video File Format Tools = 213
• Conclusion = 215
• 13 Emulation = 221
• Introduction = 221
• Emulators in Digital Preservation = 222
• Advantages to Emulators = 223
• Some Limitations of Emulation = 223
• Emulators = 225
• Frameworks for Delivering Emulations = 226
• Challenges with Emulation Technologies = 227
• Significant Properties = 228
• Strategizing Emulation = 229
• Preserving with Emulation = 230
• Conclusion = 231
• Part Ⅳ Content-Related Aspects
• 14 Selecting Content = 237
• Introduction = 237
• Criteria = 239
• Existing Collections = 239
• New Collections = 241
• Conclusion = 242
• 15 Preserving Research Data = 244
• Introduction = 244
• Research Data = 245
• Research Data Life Cycle = 245
• Best Practices with Research Data = 247
• Research Data Management = 248
• Provenance of Research Data = 248
• Authenticity of Research Data = 249
• Big Data = 249
• Small Data As Big Data's Counterpart = 250
• Metadata Schema for Science and Social Sciences Data = 251
• Directory Interchange Format (DIF) = 251
• The Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata (CSDGM) = 251
• Darwin Core Schema = 252
• Core Scientific Metadata Model (CSMD) = 252
• Data Documentation Initiative (DDI) = 252
• Harvestable Scientific Metadata = 253
• Open Data Initiatives = 254
• Data Archiving = 254
• Metadata to Support Data Archiving = 254
• The U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF) = 255
• The U.S. National Institutes of Health (NIH) = 255
• Other U.S. Initiatives = 256
• European Union and Horizon 2020 = 257
• English-Speaking Countries : Approaches to Open Data = 257
• Human Subjects and Data Preservation = 258
• Challenges with Preserving Human Subjects Data = 258
• Rights, Privacy, and Confidentiality = 258
• Conclusion = 259
• 16 Preserving Humanities Content = 265
• Introduction = 265
• Computerizing the Humanities = 267
• Big Data in the Digital Humanities = 267
• Small Data in the Humanities = 268
• Records Management and Electronic Records = 268
• Funding for the Digital Humanities = 269
• Humanities Sources = 270
• Metadata Schema for Published Documents = 270
• MAchine-Readable Cataloging (MARC) = 270
• Metadata Object Description Schema (MODS) = 271
• Metadata Authority Description Schema (MADS) = 271
• Metadata Schema for Manuscripts and Collections = 271
• Text Encoding Initiative (TEI) = 272
• Encoded Archival Description (EAD) = 272
• Encoded Archival Context-Corporate Bodies, Persons, and Families (EAC-CPF) = 273
• Metadata Schema for Encoding Visual Resources: Museum Artifacts = 274
• Categories for the Description of Works of Art (CDWA) Schema = 274
• VRA Core Schema = 275
• NISO Metadata for Images in XML (MIX) Schema = 275
• Conclusion = 275
• 17 Digital Preservation of Selected Specialized Formats = 280
• Introduction = 280
• Audiovisual File Formats for Digital Preservation = 280
• Compression = 283
• Selecting Audiovisual Content = 283
• Audiovisual File Format Policies = 284
• Metadata Schema for Video and Sound = 286
• PBCore Schema = 286
• Three-Dimensional File Formats = 286
• E-mail Preservation = 287
• Web Archiving = 290
• Social Media = 294
• Web-Based Description = 294
• Archiving Games and Virtual Worlds = 295
• Conclusion = 296
• Appendix : Select Resources in Support of Digital Preservation = 303
• Selected Digital Preservation Organizations = 303
• Selected Digital Preservation Consortium/Group Initiatives = 304
• Data Preservation = 304
• Other Initiatives = 305
• Reports and White Papers = 306
• General Reports on Digital Preservation = 306
• Archives = 307
• Museums = 308
• Metadata = 308
• File Formats = 308
• Research Data Management = 308
• Moving Images = 309
• Music = 309
• Web Archiving = 309
• Books, Guides, and Textbooks = 309
• Webinars = 310
• Webliographies = 310
• Online Digital Preservation Glossaries = 311
• Directories for Digital Preservation Education = 311
• Centers Supporting Research and Teaching in Digital Preservation = 312
• Conferences and In-Person Events = 312
• Core Conferences on Digital Preservation = 312
• Related Conferences = 312
• Glossary = 315
• Bibliography = 329
• Index = 359
• About the Authors = 373