조선시대 기근과 정부의 대책 = The Study of Famine Relief Policies in the Chosun Dynasty

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study is concerned with the famine relief policies in the Chosun Dinasty. The natural disasters and consequent famine occurred more often in the late Chosen Dinasty than early in the Chosun Dinasty, and they were serious enough to stir the foundation of the state in pre-industrial agricultural stage.
Under this situation, the poorest people suffered from the extreme hunger. They could not reap any kind of grains from the field and there was nothing left to eat in their storerooms. And because there was no other means of living, they were enforced to leave their hometown and live as beggars, sometimes plunderring the rich and even killing people to eat body.
The Government had to take some special actions for the suffering people and the Famine Relief Policies were a kind of the emergency measures planned as a part of necessary measures required to stablize the governing system of the State.
Therefore, the Famine Relief Polices were one of the most important governing strategies in the pc-industrialized oriental society which emphasized agriculture as the foundation of national economy.
The State exerted their energies to relieve the people suffering from starvation by providing grains and publishing books about the way of overcoming famine. The Relief Provisions were the result of that efforts. The Famine Relief Policies helped the suffering people to survive the starvation through the long winter and to come back to their normal lives in the not spring
The policies had got more and more reinforced since the end of the 17th century until the 18th century. The Government had put enormous energies for the establishment of the system of the relief policies and provisions saving for emergency. In consequence, a considerable quantity of emergency provisions was able to be secured and distribution of provisions without compensation became the key point the famine relief policies.
The conversion of policy into this kind of a positive action was possible on the foundation of the social and economic change of those times. But to say more fundamentally, it was the result of the will of consolidating ruling power over the subjects of the contemporary Government who tried to strengthen the centralization of power through establishing powerful royal authority.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. 머리말
• Ⅱ. 재해발생과 기근
• 1. 재해와 기근
• 2. 기근의 참상
• Ⅲ. 정부의 기근대책
• 1. 긴급구제대책
• 2. 구황서적의 간행
• Ⅳ. 맺음말