Anti-obesity effect of artemisia annua by suppressing adipocyte differentiation in high fat diet induced obesity mice model

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Obesity and related diseases are known as a global epidemic. Obesity can lead to many chronic diseases, such as fatty liver, type 2 diabetes, stroke, cardiovascular disease, and even increase the risk of some cancers and depression. The treatment of obesity with energy expenditure (fat), the bioenergetic pathway, is attractive and may be the most effective route. Artemisinic acid, which is isolated from the well-known anti-malaria herb Artemisia annua (AA) was recently shown to possess anti-adipogenic effects in vitro. In this context, we used C3H10T1/2 cells as a cell model to explore the safety (biological activity and toxicity) of rtemisia annua（AA）in vitro. To investigate the potential anti-obesity molecular mechanisms of Artemisia annua, including its transcription factors, and regulatory pathways in adipocyte differentiation and adipogenesis, and its effects on white fat browning. The effects of Artemisia annua extract on body weight, fat content, volume, blood glucose and insulin resistance were observed in obese rats induced by high-fat diet in vivo.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. Introduction 7
• 1. Obesity 7
• 2. Fat tissue 8
• 3. Artemisia annua (AA) 11
• Ⅱ. Materials and methods 13
• 1. Materials 13
• 1.1 Sample preparation 13
• 1.2 Cell culcure 13
• 2. Anti-obesity effect of Artemisia annua ethanol and water extracts in vivo 14
• 2.1 Animals and diets preparation 14
• 2.2 Measurement of serum metabolic parameters and tissue collection 15
• 2.3 RNA preparation and Quantitative real-time PCR 16
• 2.4 Western blot analysis 17
• 3. Anti-adipogenic effects of Artemisia annua ethanol extract in vitro 19
• 3.1 MTT assay for cell proliferation 19
• 3.2 Adipocyte differentiation 19
• 3.3 Oil Red O(ORO) stain 20
• 3.4 RNA preparation and Quantitative real-time PCR 20
• 3.5 Western blot analysis 21
• 4. Statistical analysis 22
• Ⅲ. Results 23
• 1. Anti-obesity effects of Artemisia annua extract in vivo 23
• 1.1 Effects of Artemisia annua extract on body weight gains and food intake in mice 23
• 1.2 Effects of Artemisia annua extract on fat tissue in mice 25
• 1.3 Effects of Artemisia annua extract on measurement of serum lipids 27
• 1.4 Effects of Artemisia annua extract on lipogenesis in white adipose tissue 29
• 2. Anti-adipogenic effects of Artemisia annua ethanol extract in vitro 32
• 2.1 The effect of Artemisia annua ethanol extract on the cells growth (MTTassay) 32
• 2.2 Effect of Artemisia annua ethanol extract on suppressed lipid accumulation in C3H10T1/2 cells 34
• 2.3 Effects of Artemisia annua ethanol extract on lipogenesis in C3H10T1/2 cells 36
• 2.3.1 Artemisia annua ethanol results adipocyte genes during C3H10T1/2 adipocyte differentiation 36
• 2.3.2 Artemisia annua ethanol extract affects differential protein expression of adipocyte morkers 38
• Ⅳ. Discussion 40
• 1. Obesity 40
• 2. Artemisia annua ethanol extract inhibits fat accumulation and promotes fat browning 42
• 3. Predict and prospect of Artemisia annua in improving obesity-induced inflammation 45
• Ⅴ. Conclusion 48
• Ⅵ. References 50
• Ⅶ．국문요약（초록） 55