생태관광 추진을 위한 일본의 법제와 그 시사점 = An Overview of the Act on Promotion of Ecotourism in Japan and Its Lessons

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The popularity of ecotourism in Korea has recently increased; however, the concept of ecotourism is susceptible to many different meanings. Variations on definitions of ecotourism reflect the different perspectives, values, and interests that different parties have with respect to tourism. But many people seem to understand ecotourism as a type of tourism where the environment, local community and visitor all benefit. In 2007, Japan enacted the Act on Promotion of Ecotourism. The Act has been enforced since April 1, 2008, with three objectives of conservation of the natural environment, tourism promotion and environmental education. It provides four basic principles to promote ecotourism: conserving natural environment, vitalizing tourism, developing local economy, and advancing environmental education through ecotourism. And it establishes the legal definition of ecotourism and its concrete promotion plan. Also, it enables local governments to establish ecological zones to protect ecosystems, and restrict or prohibit specific activities causing pollution in the zones. I took four lessons from Japan`s legal system. First, it is necessary to define the legal meaning of ecotourism, and establish the principles of ecotourism promotion. Second, it required that many interested parties including the State, local governments, experts, tour operators, community people and NGOs participate in promoting ecotourism. Third, it is necessary to establish protected area system and restrict or prohibit unsustainable or environmentally damaging ecotourist operations in the area. Fourth, environmental education should be advanced through ecotourism.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 한국관광공사 녹색관광팀,

2 김홍균, "환경법: 문제․사례" 홍문사 2007

3 홍준형, "환경법" 박영사 2005

4 김선희, "한국의 생태관광 개발방안에 관한 연구" (14) : 2003

5 고선영, "한국 생태관광의 현황과 과제: 농촌관광을 중심으로" (48) : 2004

6 김홍균, "자연공원의 보전과 개발" 19 : 2000

7 송광인, "일본 그린투어리즘의 전개과정에 관한 연구" 대한관광경영학회 18 (18): 3-55, 2003

8 오수경, "생태관광진흥을 위한 정부의 역할에 관한 연구" (19) : 2004

9 박석희, "생태관광의 개념에 관한 고찰" (14) : 2000

10 김대권, "생태관광에 관한 이론적 고찰" 4 (4): 1998

11 박종원, "생물다양성의 보전과 생태계복원의 법적 과제" 한국환경법학회 30 (30): 73-118, 2008

12 박종원, "국토생태계복원 관련법제 정비방안 연구"

13 石森秀三, "観光の20世紀" ドメス出版 1997

14 大内亘, "自然環境の保全と観光の振興を両立させるエコツーリズムを推進"

15 大塚直, "環境法" 有斐閣 2006

16 石森秀三, "大交流時代における観光創造"

17 大塚淸恵, "グリーン․ツーリズムの教育的価値"

18 愛知和男, "エコツーリズム推進法の解説" ぎょうせい 2008

19 環境省, "エコツーリズム推進法の制定について" 2007

20 環境省, "エコツーリズム推進方策" 2006

21 山田千香子, "エコツーリズムの理想と現実, 問題点, これからの展開に向けて" 41 (41): 2008

22 World Tourism Organization, "World Ecotourism Summit: Final Report"

23 Alexander C. O’Neill, "What Globalization Means for Ecotourism: Managing Globalization’s Impacts on Ecotourism in Developing Countries" 9 : 501-, 2002

24 United Nations Environment Programme, "UNEP Manual for the International Year of Ecotourism"

25 Carla Gowen McClurg, "The International Year of Ecotourism: The Celebration of a New Form of Colonialism" 34 : 97-, 2002

26 Karen Roach, "The International Year of Ecotourism: Tackling the Challenges of Global Regulation" 27 : 191-, 2003

27 Philippe Sands, "Principles of International Environmental Law" Cambridge University Press 2003

28 Tensie Welan, "Nature Tourism: Managing for the Environment" Island Press 1991

29 E. Cater, "Ecotourism: A Sustainable Option?" John Wiley & Sons 1994

30 LeGene Quesenberry, "Ecotourism: A Hyperbolic Sustainable Development Technique" 9 : 473-, 2001

31 U.N. World Tourism Organization, "Davos Declaration: Climate Change and Tourism, Responding to Global Challenges"

32 石森秀三, "21世紀は 自律的観光の時代" 72 (72): 2002