Effects of vegetation and fecal pellets on the erodibility of cohesive sediments: Ganghwa tidal flat, west coast of Korea

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Although the Korean tidal flats in the Yellow Sea have been highlighted as a typical macrotidal system, so far, there have been no measurements of the sediment erodibility and critical shear stress for erosion (<I>τ</I> <SUB> <I>ce</I> </SUB>). Using the Gust erosion microcosm system, a series of field experiments has been conducted in the Ganghwa tidal flat to investigate quantitatively the effects of biogenic materials on the erodibility of intertidal cohesive sediments. Four representative sediment cores with different surficial conditions were analyzed to estimate the <I>τ</I> <SUB> <I>ce</I> </SUB> and eroded mass. Results show that <I>τ</I> <SUB> <I>ce</I> </SUB> of the “free” sediment bed not covered by any biogenic material on the Ganghwa tidal flat was in the range of 0.1–0.2 Pa, whereas the sediment bed partially covered by vegetation (<I>Phragmites communis</I>) or fecal pellets had enhanced <I>τ</I> <SUB> <I>ce</I> </SUB> up to 0.45–0.6 Pa. The physical presence of vegetation or fecal pellets contributed to protection of the sediment bed by blocking the turbulent energy. An inverse relationship between the organic matter included in the eroded mass and the applied shear stress was observed. This suggests that the organic matter enriched in a near-bed fluff layer is highly erodible, and the organic matter within the underlying sediment layer becomes depleted and less erodible with depth. Our study underlines the role of biogenic material in stabilizing the benthic sediment bed in the intertidal zone.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Field experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of biogenic materials on the erodibility of cohesive sediments. </LI> <LI> A critical shear stress for erosion of the “free” sediment bed on the Ganghwa tidal flat was 0.1–0.2 Pa. </LI> <LI> Sediment bed partially covered by vegetation or fecal pellets had the critical shear stress for erosion up to 0.45–0.6 Pa. </LI> <LI> An inverse relationship between the organic matter included in the eroded mass and the applied shear stress was observed. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>