19세기 미국 사회의 의학 담론과 몸의 성격 = 새뮤얼 톰슨과 실베스터 그레이엄을 중심으로

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this paper is to discuss the health reform movement formed by Samuel Thomson and Sylvester Graham in early 19th century America, which tried to acquire cultural hegemony in the sphere of health care and embraced a unique religio-medical ideology and understanding of the nature of the body.
In the process of analyzing the movement, I find that the health reformers Thomson and Graham tried to acquire cultural hegemony in the area of health care through writings, public lectures, and the formation of various organizations. However, while the health reform movement had the singular goal of achieving an ideal society, it was actually divided internally into two camps with regard to the source of medical knowledge and the strategic goal of the movement. Concerning the former, Thomson emphasized experience-based therapies based on folk remedies and botanic medicine, while in Graham’s case, medical knowledge was to be derived largely from objective science; i.e. ‘physiology’. With regard to the movement’s strategic goal, Thomson wanted the public to become ‘healers’ themselves by learning about practical remedies and developing their own medical expertise, while Graham envisioned perfect citizens living in optimum physical and mental health based on a clear dietetic regime and sound physiological principles. He also placed greater emphasis on the positive role of women in domestic life.