A+ guide to hardware : managing, maintaining, and troubleshooting

목차 (Table of Contents)

• CONTENTS
• A+ TABLE OF CONTENTS = xiii
• INTRODUCTION = xxiii
• CHAPTER ONE How Computers Work = 1
• Hardware Needs Software to Work = 2
• PC Hardware Components = 4
• Hardware Used for Input and Output = 5
• Hardware Inside the Computer Case = 8
• The Motherboard = 10
• The CPU and the Chip Set = 12
• Storage Devices = 13
• Motherboard Components Used for Communication Among Devices = 21
• Interface(Expansion) Cards = 27
• The Electrical System = 29
• Instructions and Data Stored on the Motherboard = 31
• How a CPU Works and Communicates with Other Devices = 35
• How the CPU Works = 35
• How the CPU Used Memory = 36
• How the CPU and Devices Use the System Bus to Communicate = 37
• Understandable Binary = 40
• Chapter Summary = 43
• Key Terms = 45
• Review Questions = 46
• Hands-on Projects = 47
• CHAPTER Two How Hardware and Software Work Together = 49
• Hardware and Software Interaction : An Overview = 50
• System Resources = 52
• The 8-bit and 16-bit ISA Slots = 53
• Interrupt Request Number(IRQ) = 56
• Memory Addresses = 60
• I／O Addresses = 61
• DMA Channels = 63
• Booting Up Your Computer = 64
• Plug and Play Standard = 65
• Startup BIOS Controls the Beginning of the Boot = 65
• Chapter Summary = 74
• Key Terms = 75
• Review Questions = 75
• Hands-on Projects = 76
• CHAPTER THREE Electricity and Power Supplies = 81
• Electricity : A Basic Introduction = 82
• Voltage = 84
• Amps = 84
• The Relationship Between Voltage and Current = 85
• Ohms = 86
• Relationships Among Voltage, Current, and Resistance = 86
• Wattage = 87
• AC and DC = 87
• Hot, Neutral, and Ground = 88
• Some Common Electronic Components = 91
• Protecting Your Computer System = 92
• Protecting Against Electricity = 93
• Static Electricity = 93
• EMI(Electromagnetic Interference) = 97
• Surge Protection and Battery Backup = 97
• The Computer Case and Form Factors = 101
• Case, Power Supply, and Motherboard Form Factors = 102
• Types of Cases = 105
• Detecting and Correcting Power Supply Problems = 109
• Measuring the Voltage of a Power Supply = 110
• Upgrading Your Power Supply = 118
• Introduction to Troubleshooting = 119
• Troubleshooting the Power System = 121
• Energy Star Systems(the Green Star) = 125
• Power Management Methods and Features = 125
• Energy Star Monitors = 127
• Chapter Summary = 129
• Key Terms = 131
• Review Questions = 131
• Hands-on Projects = 133
• Case Project = 136
• CHAPTER FOUR The Motherboard = 143
• Types of Motherboards = 144
• Components on the Motherboard = 149
• The System Clock = 149
• The CPU and the Chip Set = 150
• ROM BIOS = 169
• Buses and Expansion Slots = 171
• Relationship of CPU Speed to Bus Speed = 176
• Hardware Configuration = 176
• Protecting Documentation and Configuration Settings = 186
• Building a Computer : An Introduction = 187
• Installing the Motherboard = 190
• Preparing the Motherboard to Go into the Case = 190
• Installing the Motherboard in the Case = 194
• Completing the Installation = 198
• Troubleshooting the Motherboard and CPU = 198
• Chapter Summary = 200
• Key Terms = 201
• Review Questions = 202
• Hands-on Projects = 203
• CHAPTER FIVE Supporting I／O Devices = 207
• Basic Principles of Peripheral Installations = 208
• A Review of System Resources = 208
• Installation Overview = 209
• Purchasing and Installing a Hardware Device = 211
• Using Ports and Expansion Slots for Add-on Devices = 214
• Using Serial Ports = 214
• Using Parallel Ports = 220
• Using USB Ports = 222
• Using IEEE 1394 Ports = 226
• Using PCI Expansion Slots = 229
• Microchannel Architecture(MCA) Bus = 237
• The EISA Bus = 237
• Using ISA Expansion Slots = 237
• Installing Legacy Hardware = 238
• Keyboards = 241
• Keyboard Connectors = 242
• Installing Keyboards = 244
• Troubleshooting Keyboards = 244
• Pointing Devices = 246
• Cleaning the Mouse = 248
• Other Pointing Devices = 248
• Troubleshooting a Mouse = 249
• Computer Video = 249
• Monitors = 249
• Video Cards = 255
• Troubleshooting Video Problems = 262
• Chapter Summary = 268
• Key Terms = 269
• Review Questions = 269
• Hands-on Projects = 271
• CHAPTER SIX Memory and Floppy Drives = 275
• Physical Memory = 276
• ROM on the Motherboard = 276
• RAM on the Motherboard = 278
• Upgrading Memory = 287
• What to Look for When Buying Memory Chips and Modules = 288
• How Much and What Kind of Memory to Buy = 289
• Reading Ads About Memory Modules = 291
• Installing Memory = 293
• Troubleshooting Memory = 295
• Floppy Drives = 296
• How Data Is Physically Stored on a Floppy Disk = 296
• How Data Is Logically Stored on a Floppy Disk = 301
• The Formatting Process for a Floppy Disk = 302
• Using Commands to Manage a Floppy Disk = 305
• Using Windows to Manage a Floppy Disk = 306
• Exchanging and Supporting Floppy Drives = 307
• Replacing a Floppy Drive = 307
• Adding a New Drive = 311
• When a Floppy Disk Drive Doesn't Work = 312
• Some Common Error Messages and Their Meanings = 314
• Chapter Summary = 316
• Key Terms = 317
• Review Questions = 318
• Hands-on Projects = 319
• CHAPTER SEVEN Understanding and Supporting Hard Drives = 321
• Hard Drive Technology = 322
• Types of Hard Drive Interfaces = 322
• How Hard Drives Work = 326
• Communicating with the Hard Drive BIOS = 330
• Calculating Drive Capacity on Older Drives = 331
• Adjusting for More Complex Hard Drive Organization = 331
• Installations Using Legacy BIOS = 333
• How a Hard Drive Is Logically Organized to Hold Data = 334
• Hard Drive Partitions and Logical Drives = 335
• What Happens During Formatting = 341
• Installing a Hard Drive = 343
• Prepare for Installation = 343
• Set Jumpers and DIP Switches = 346
• Mount the Drive in the Bay = 347
• Use CMOS Setup to Change Hard Drive Settings = 353
• Setup for Large-Capacity Hard Drives = 354
• Use Fdisk to Partition a Drive = 356
• Format Each Logical Drive = 357
• Using Windows to Partition and Format a New Drive = 357
• A Note on Moving a Hard Drive or Changing BIOS = 358
• Managing and Troubleshooting Hard Drives = 358
• An Ounce of Prevention = 359
• Commands to Use with Hard Drives = 360
• Problems When Installing Hard Drives = 364
• Resolving Common Hard Drive Problems = 365
• Getting Technical Support = 369
• Chapter Summary = 370
• Key Terms = 372
• Review Questions = 372
• Hands-on Projects = 373
• CHAPTER EIGHT All About SCSI = 377
• SCSI Basics = 378
• The SCSI Subsystem = 378
• Host Adapters = 380
• SCSI Device Drivers = 382
• Variations in SCSI = 382
• Comparing IDE and SCSI = 391
• SCSI Installation = 392
• Installing a Host Adapter Card = 392
• Setting Device IDs During Installation = 394
• Installing a SCSI Hard Drive = 395
• Troubleshooting SCSI Devices = 396
• Chapter Summary = 397
• Key Terms = 399
• Review Questions = 399
• Hands-on Projects = 400
• CHAPTER NINE Multimedia Devices and Mass Storage = 403
• Multimedia on a PC = 404
• CPU Technologies for Multimedia = 404
• Multimedia Devices = 404
• Sound Cards = 404
• Digital Cameras = 410
• MP3 Players = 412
• Video Capture Card = 414
• Optical Storage Technology = 414
• CD-ROM = 415
• CD-R and CD-RW = 420
• DVD = 421
• Hardware Used for Backups and Fault Tolerance = 429
• Tape Drives = 430
• Removable Drives = 434
• RAID = 437
• Troubleshooting Guidelines = 440
• Problems with CD-ROM or DVD Installation = 440
• Troubleshooting Sound Problems = 441
• Troubleshooting Tape Drives = 441
• Chapter Summary = 443
• Key Terms = 444
• Review Questions = 444
• Hands-on Projects = 445
• CHAPTER TEN Supporting Modems = 447
• All About Modems = 448
• How Modems Are Rated = 451
• Serial Port Settings = 456
• Modem Features = 459
• Installing and Configuring a Modem = 459
• The AT Command Set = 463
• Troubleshooting Guidelines for Modems = 467
• Chapter Summary = 471
• Key Terms = 472
• Review Questions = 472
• Hands-on Projects = 473
• CHAPTER ELEVEN PCs on a Network = 475
• Physical Network Architectures = 476
• Ethernet = 477
• Token Ring = 482
• FDDI = 483
• Wireless LANs = 484
• Connecting a PC to a Network = 485
• How NICs Work = 486
• Installing a Network Card and Protocol Under Windows 9x = 488
• Installing a NIC Under Windows 2000／XP = 492
• Installing a Wireless NIC = 494
• Troubleshooting a Network Connection = 497
• Segmenting a Network = 498
• Connecting Networks = 501
• Routers = 502
• Bandwidth Technologies = 504
• Chapter Summary = 507
• Key Terms = 509
• Review Questions = 510
• Hands-on Projects = 511
• CHAPTER TWELVE Notebooks, PDAs, and Printers = 515
• Notebook Computers = 516
• Upgrading Memory = 517
• Other Field Replaceable Units for Notebooks = 519
• Connecting Peripheral Devices to Notebooks = 521
• Supporting Notebooks = 526
• PDAs = 527
• Battery Life on a PDA = 529
• Applications on a PDA = 529
• Connecting a PDA to a PC = 529
• PDA Manufacturers and Operating Systems = 530
• Printers = 531
• Laser Printers = 531
• Ink-Jet Printers = 536
• Dot-Matrix Printers = 538
• Installing a Printer = 540
• Troubleshooting Guidelines for Printers = 540
• Chapter Summary = 548
• Key Terms = 549
• Review Questions = 549
• Hands-on Projects = 550
• CHAPTER THIRTEEN Troubleshooting and Maintenance Fundamentals = 553
• Troubleshooting Perspectives and Tools = 554
• Troubleshooting Tools = 554
• Your Approach to Troubleshooting = 557
• Fundamental Rules = 557
• Gathering Information = 559
• Preventive Maintenance = 563
• When a PC Is Your Permanent Responsibility = 564
• A Preventive Maintenance Plan = 566
• When Moving Equipment = 568
• Disposing of Used Equipment = 568
• Fire Extinguishers = 569
• Chapter Summary = 570
• Key Terms = 571
• Review Questions = 571
• Hands-on Projects = 571
• CHAPTER FOURTEEN Purchasing a PC or Building Your Own = 575
• Selecting a Personal Computer to Meet Your Needs = 576
• Purchasing a Brand-Name PC vs. a Clone = 577
• Selecting Software = 578
• Selecting Hardware = 579
• Selecting a Total Package = 579
• Preparing to Build Your Own PC = 580
• Getting Ready for Assembly : Selecting Parts = 582
• Getting Ready for Assembly : Final Preparations = 583
• Building a Personal Computer, Step by Step = 583
• Overview of the Assembly Process = 583
• Step 1 : Verify You Have All the Parts = 584
• Step 2 : Prepare the Computer Case = 585
• Step 3 : Install Drives = 587
• Step 4 : Set Jumpers or Switches on the Motherboard = 590
• Step 5 : Install the CPU and CPU Fan = 593
• Step 6 : Install RAM on the Motherboard = 595
• Step 7 : Install the Motherboard and Attach Cabling = 596
• Step 8 : Install the Video Card = 601
• Step 9 : Plug the Computer In and Attach External Devices = 602
• Step 10 : Boot the Computer, Check Settings, and Verify Operation = 603
• Chapter Summary = 605
• Key Terms = 606
• Review Questions = 606
• Hands-on Projects = 607
• APPENDIX A Error Messages and Their Meanings = 609
• APPENDIX B Interrupt Vectors = 613
• APPENDIX C The Professional PC Technician = 617
• What Customers Want : Beyond Technical Know-how = 617
• Support Calls : Providing Good Service = 618
• Planning for Good Service = 619
• Making an On-site Service Call = 620
• Phone Support = 621
• When You Can't Solve the Problem = 624
• Recordkeeping and Information Tools = 624
• Professional Organizations and Certifications = 625
• Why Certification? = 626
• Protecting Software Copyrights = 626
• What Does the Law Say? = 627
• What Are Your Responsibilities under the Law? = 628
• GLOSSARY = 629
• INDEX = 651