한 대학병원의 혈액배양 결과 분석: 균종 분포와 누적 항생제 내성 양상(2016–2020) = Analysis of blood culture data at a university hospital: bacterial distribution and cumulative antimicrobial resistance (2016–2020)

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Background: The distribution of bacteria isolated from bloodstream infections andcumulative antimicrobial susceptibility data are the basis for empirical decisions regardingantibiotics as an initial treatment. Therefore, it is important to consistently collect bloodculture results of individual patients and analyze them correctly.
Methods: The blood culture results of patients at a university hospital from 2016 to 2020 wereanalyzed retrospectively to determine the bacterial distributions and antibiotic resistancepatterns. Duplicates were eliminated by including only the first isolate of each species perpatient.
Results: Escherichia coli (27.1%) was the most commonly isolated bacterium from bloodcultures, followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (10.1%) and Staphylococcus aureus (8.6%). Themethicillin resistance rate of S. aureus was 49.2%, and the vancomycin resistance rate ofEnterococcus faecium was 39.5%; with no significant changes over the study period. Thecefotaxime, ciprofloxacin, and ertapenem resistance rates of E. coli were 35.0%, 46.8%, and0.7%, respectively. Seventeen carbapenem-resistant E. coli strains were isolated, of which 11produced carbapenemase. The cefotaxime, ciprofloxacin, and ertapenem resistance rates ofK. pneumoniae were 29.5%, 31.7%, and 5.4%, respectively. Forty-eight carbapenem-resistantK. pneumoniae strains were isolated, of which 37 produced carbapenemase. The imipenemresistance rates of Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were 72.3% and23.4%, respectively.
Conclusion: In the blood culture results from 2016 to 2020, the isolation frequency of E.
coli, K. pneumoniae, and E. faecium showed an increasing trend, whereas that of S. aureuswas stable. Over the 5 year study period, the ciprofloxacin resistance rate of E. coli and P.
aeruginosa and ampicillin/sulbactam resistance rate of A. baumannii significantly increased.