Impact of the COVID-19 on German Agricultural Systems

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The COVID-19 crisis affects all sectors of the economy. From the beginning, when panic buying emptied supermarket shelves, it also affected the agriculture and food sector. While the situation calmed down after a few weeks, the prolonged COVID-19 crisis still profoundly impacted the agricultural industry. This paper looks into the impact on markets and sales, agricultural production, the meat processing sector, and state aid in Germany. COVID-19 exhibited the potential risks of too high dependence on Global Value Chains and structural weaknesses in specific related industries, like meat processing, particularly with additional cheap foreign labor. On the other hand, the COVID-19 crisis has shown the value of healthy, local produce to consumers, and it might be a chance to foster a new culture of consumption among consumers in Germany.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 Agrarheute wetsite, "Wie sich das Coronavirus auf die Agrarbranche auswirkt (How the coronavirus affects the agricultural sector)"

2 Sim, K., "The anatomy of panic buying related to the current Covid-19 pandemic" 288 : 113015-, 2020

3 DBV (Deutscher Bauernverband), "Statusbericht: Agrarmärkte im Lichte der Corona-Krise"

4 Lehmann, N., "So helfen die Bundesländer der Landwirtschaft in der Corona-Krise"

5 Industrieverband Agrar, "Situation of the fertilizer sector and agriculture in Germany with respect to COVID-19"

6 Veauthier, G., "Nichtlieferprämie! Jetzt! Die Corona-Krise sorgt für Verwerfungen auf dem Milchmarkt (Corona crisis causes distortions on the dairy market)"

7 Knigge, A., "Missstände bei Leiharbeitern. Vom Kampf gegen Ausbeutung in der Fleischindustrie (Abuses among temporary workers. The fight against exploitation in the meat industry)"

8 BMI (Federal Ministry of the Interior, for Building and Homeland), "Klöckner/Seehofer: Vorgaben des Gesundheitsschutzes und Erntesicherung bringen wir zusammen (Klöckner/Seehofer: We bring together the requirements of health protection and harvest security)"

9 Eichhorst, W., "IZA COVID-19 Crisis Response Monitoring:Germany"

10 BA (Federal Employment Agency), "Frühindikatoren für den Arbeitsmarkt -Deutschland (Monatszahlen), Oktober 2020. Nuremberg"

11 BMI (Federal Ministry of the Interior, for Building and Homeland), "Einreisebeschränkungen für Saisonarbeitskräfte und Erntehelfer (Entry restrictions for seasonal workers and harvest workers)"

12 Busch, G., "Einkaufs- und Ernährungsverhalten sowie Resilienz des Ernährungssystems aus Sicht der Bevölkerung: Ergebnisse einer Studie während der Corona-Pandemie im April 2020" Göttingen 2020

13 Handelsjournal, "Einkaufen in der Corona-Krise: Routine verdrängt die Panik (Buying during Corona crisis: routine substitutes panic)"

14 Destatis website, "Economic impacts – Statistics related to COVID-19"

15 Rolink, D., "Dünger, Saatgut, Pflanzenschutzmittel. Keine Engpässe (Fertilizers, seeds, crop protection products. No bottlenecks)"

16 Lins, S., "Development and Initial Psychometric Properties of a Panic Buying Scale during COVID-19 Pandemic" 6 (6): e04746-, 2020

17 Sullivan, A., "Despite coronavirus hamster shopping, shelves will keep on being filled"

18 Hartmann, S., "Der Düngemittelmarkt zwischen Dünge-VO und Corona (The fertilizer market between fertilizer regulation and Corona). IndustrieverbandAgrar"

19 Statista website, "Darum sorgen sich die Deutschen in der Corona Krise"

20 EFFAT (European Federation of Food, Agriculture and Tourism Trade Unions), "Covid-19 outbreaks in slaughterhouses and meat processing plants State of affairs and proposals for policy action at EU level"

21 ILO (International Labour Organization), "Covid-19 and the impact on agriculture and food security. ILO sectoral brief"

22 Brummer, G. W., "Covid-19 Impacts on German Behavior Related to Food Consumption"

23 Ehl, D., "Coronavirus pandemic changes eating habits in Germany"

24 Dunz, K., "Coronavirus in Schlachtbetrieben. Heil geht gegen Fleischindustrie vor (Coronavirus in slaughterhouses. Heil takes action against meat industry)"

25 BMEL (Federal Ministry of Food and Agriculture), "Coronavirus - Fragen und Antworten (Coronavirus - Questions and Answers)"

26 Selhorst, C., "Corona. Hilfsmaßnahmen für Landwirtschaft im Überblick (Corona. Aid measures for agriculture at a glance)"

27 Schwartau, H., "Corona-Krisepusht die Obst- und Gemüseeinkäufe (Corona crisis pushes fruit and vegetable purchases)"

28 Raiffeisen, "Corona-Krise. Pflanzenzüchter drängen auf reibungslosen Transport für Saat- und Pflanzengut (Corona crisis. Plant breeders push for smooth transport for seed and plant material)"

29 Rentenbank, "Corona-Hilfen (Corona-Aid)"

30 Eder, J., "Corona-Ausbruch in weiteren Schlachthöfen. Mehr Kontrollen und Tests (Corona outbreak in more slaughterhouses. More controls and tests)"

31 German Farmers' Association, "Corona emergency aid - The most important information for farmers"

32 Schmidhuber, J., "COVID-19: Channels of transmission to food and agriculture" 2020

33 Simons, J., "COVID-19 – Impact on the Meat Sector in Germany. Food and Fertilizer Technology Center for the Asian and Pacific Region"

34 AFP (Agence France-Presse), "Bundesregierung verlängert begrenzte Einreise von Erntehelfern bis 15. Juni (Federal government extends limited entry of harvest workers until 15 June)" Suedwest Presse

35 Rohit Sharma, "Agriculture supply chain risks and COVID-19: mitigation strategies and implications for the practitioners" Informa UK Limited 1-27, 2020

36 Altmann, S., "Abgesagt wegen Corona. Diese GRAR-Termine finden nicht statt (Cancelled because of Corona. These GRAR dates do not take place)"