조이스의 「죽은 사람들」에 나타난 아이러니와 대화성 = Irony and Dialogism in Joyce`s “The Dead”

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

It is well known that Joyce’s Dubliners describes paralyzed lives of Irish people in Dublin, and the epiphanies in the book shape the general theme of paralysis. Therefore, many critical studies have focused on the various aspects of paralyses and epiphanies. However, not much attention has been paid to the moral problem in Dubliners. In Dubliners, Joyce intended “to write a chapter of the moral history of my nation.” Then, what is the relation between the intention and the theme of paralysis? That is, how do paralysis and epiphany develop into a moral problem? To answer this question, this paper focuses on “The Dead” and analyzes the process of Gabriel’s achievement of epiphany in the angles of irony and dialogism. Gabriel, encountering others, experiences unexpected conflicts and thereafter changes his views on others and on himself. That is, Gabriel achieves his epiphany by accepting others’ views. Irony, in this process, reveals the limit of Gabriel’s views and helps him achieve a wider view on life and the world. According to Bakhtin, man occupies unique temporal-spacial positions in the world, which results in a limited view of himself and the world. Therefore, he should accept other people’s views to complete the objective image of himself. This is the basic assumption Bakhtin’s dialogism rests upon. Man should accept other people’s views and recognize the multiplicity and mutability of life and the world. Man can thereby avoid “monologism” where only one principle or view reigns, and achieve “dialogism” Both irony and dialogism, as such, helps to understand not only ironic and dialogic aspects in Dubliners, but also the way paralysis and epiphany in Dubliners, especially in “The Dead,” are related with Joyce’s moral intention.

참고문헌 (Reference)

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