보건분야 ODA 사업에 대한 성별영향분석평가 : KOICA 에티오피아 아르시존 가족계획 및 모자보건 증진사업에 대한 시범적용 = An application of Gender Impact Assessment on the health ODA project : The case of “Family Planning Project in Arsi Zone, Ethiopia” from KOICA

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

In this study, to examine the applicability of the Gender Impact Assessment policy as a main tool for gender mainstreaming of ODA projects, we applied the tool, which was developed by the Korea Ministry of Gender Equality and Family, to a health ODA project. As an trial case, we selected the “Family Planning Project in Arsi Zone, Ethiopi,” which was conducted by the Korea International Cooperation Agency (KOICA) from 2008 to 2010. Using ‘the index of Gender Impact Assessment of Korea’ and ‘the KOICA Guideline for Gender Mainstreaming,’ we evaluated how the project performed in terms of promoting gender mainstreaming. Despite the project’s genuine efforts for gender mainstreaming, our analysis showed several points for further improvement. Most of all, we found profound needs to develop a system to regularly collect gender sensitive statistics that are separated by men and women at the individual level. Also, the social and cultural environments of partner countries that might have caused the gender inequality in the society should be thoroughly analyzed and understood to perform an assessment sensitive to the culture. At the same time, there were still needs for developing more gender-targeted health ODA projects and programs. The most critical remaining task, we found, was to develop an ‘ODA-tailored’ Gender Impact Assessment tool.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

1995년 북경에서 열린 제4차 세계여성대회에서 성평등을 실현하기 위한 핵심적인 전략으로 성 주류화가 채택된 이후 개발원조정책에서도 젠더 관점을 적용하기 위한 패러다임의 전환이 시도되고 있다. 본 연구는 KOICA에서 추진했던“에티오피아 아르시존 가족계획 및 모자보건 증진사업”의 사례를 통해 보건분야 ODA 사업을 추진함에 있어 성별영향분석평가 지표 개발 등 성 주류화 전략의 주요 도구를 활용하기 위해서 고려되어야 하는 사항이 무엇인지 도출하는데 그 목적이 있다. 성별 영향을 분석함에 있어서는 여성가족부에서 제시한 성별영향분석평가 지표와 KOICA에서 제시한 보건분야 성 주류화 가이드라인을 참조하였다. 사업을 분석한 결과 도출된 연구의 함의는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 사업의 성별 영향을 검 토하고 개선안을 제시하기 위해서는 사업의 계획, 실행, 평가, 환류의 모든 단계에서 성별분리통계가 구축되어야 한다. 둘째, ODA 사업에서 성별 영향분석평가제도와 같이 성 주류화 전략을 적용할 수 있는 도구를 활용하기 위해서는 협력대상국에 적합한 평가 기준과 우선순위에 대한 보다 활발한 논의가 전제되어야 한다. 셋째, ODA 사업에 성 주류화 전략이 실질적으로 적용되기 위해서는 성평등의 실현을 목적으로 하는 사업을 적극적으로 발굴하고, 성 주류화 전략의 적용을 성과 관리 프레임에 포함시키는 조치들이 필요하다. 이상의 함의에도 불구하고 본 연구는 ODA 사업에 대해 성별 영향을 분석하고 평가할 수 있는 구체적인 지표가 개발되어 있지 않아 한국 정부가 개발한 성별영향분석평가 지표를 그대로 적용하였고 이에 따라 ODA 사업의 특성을 제대로 반영하여 평가가 수행되지 못했다는 한계를 지닌다. 이러한 한계는 ODA 사업을 추진함에 있어 국제사회가 함께 노력해야 할 과제라 여겨진다.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 정이환, "현대 노동시장의 정치사회학" 후마니타스 2006

2 최강식, "한국의 학력간 임금격차 추세 및 요인분해" 한국국제경제학회 9 (9): 183-208, 2003

3 차종천, "한국의 지역주의와 지역갈등" 성원사 193-212, 1990

4 배무기, "한국의 소득분배와 결정요인(상)" 한국개발연구원 1979

5 강희돈, "한국의 사회이동과 학교교육의 효과" 高麗大學校 大學院 1989

6 한성신, "한국의 교육투자수익률 및 학위효과: 남녀 비교" 한국노동경제학회 30 (30): 1-30, 2007

7 김영화, "한국의 교육과 사회" 교육과학사 2000

8 김영화, "한국의 교육 불평등" 교육과학사 1993

9 차종천, "한국사회의 여성과 가족" 문학과지성사 186-206, 1990

10 이명진, "한국사회의 선택혼 : 시기별 추이와 국제비교" 34 (34): 297-323, 2000

11 차종천, "한국사회의 불평등과 형평" 나남 1992

12 박현준, "한국사회의 교육적 동질혼 분석: 1966~2010" 한국교육사회학회 22 (22): 113-139, 2012

13 방하남, "한국사회의 교육계층화 연령코호트간 변화와 학력단계별 차이" 한국사회학회 37 (37): 2-65, 2003

14 김경근, "한국사회에서의 학업성취에 대한 문화자본의 영향" 한국교육사회학회 17 (17): 23-51, 2007

15 이상백, "한국사회계층연구" 민조사 1966

16 김경근, "한국사회 교육격차의 실태 및 원인" 2005

17 朴京淑, "한국 여성의 교육수준별 결혼유형의 변화" 서울大學校 大學院 1993

18 김영화, "한국 산업화 과정에서의 교육과 사회계층 이동" 37 (37): 155-172, 1999

19 박현준, "한국 사회의 교육적 동질혼: 시계열 추세 및 그 함의" 한국교육사회학회 21 (21): 51-76, 2011

20 장상수, "한국 사회의 교육수준별 혼인유형과 그 변화" 33 (33): 417-448, 1999

21 김영모, "한국 사회의 교육 불평등에 대한 사회계층적 분석" 35 (35): 121-165, 1973

22 장상수, "한국 사회의 공정성 1990-2011" 성균관대학교출판부 194-237, 2013

23 장상수, "한국 사회의 계급 이동" 32 (32): 367-393, 1998

24 변수용, "한국 고등학생의 교육결과에 대한문화자본의 영향" 한국교육사회학회 18 (18): 53-82, 2008

25 주동범, "학생배경과 학업성취 : 어머니의 자녀교육에의 관여가 매개하는가?" 8 (8): 41-56, 1998

26 장상수, "학력이 노동시장 진입에 미치는 영향 : 학교에서 첫 계급으로의 이행" 33 (33): 751-787, 1999

27 김기헌, "학교에서 직업으로의 이행―제도적 요인을 중심으로―" 한국교육사회학회 13 (13): 65-93, 2003

28 한준, "학교 교육이 사회계층 이동에 미치는 영향 분석" 한국교육개발원 2006

29 김병성, "학교 교육과 사회적 성취" 한국교육개발원 1982

30 장상수, "청년층의 학교-직장 이행" 한국사회학회 42 (42): 106-139, 2008

31 안주엽, "청년층의 첫 일자리 진입:경제위기 전후의 비교" 한국노동경제학회 25 (25): 47-74, 2002

32 박성준, "청년층 학력과잉이 임금에 미치는 영향에 대한 분석 -경제위기 전·후를 중심으로" 한국노동경제학회 28 (28): 141-166, 2005

33 김미란, "진로지도와 노동시장이행" 한국직업능력개발원 2006

34 차종천, "지역주의가 한국 사회 계층화에 미치는 영향 : 서울 시민의출신지역별 지위획득과 사회이동을 중심으로" 21 (21): 69-91, 1987

35 김현주, "자녀의 학업성취에 미치는 가족배경, 사회자본 및 문화자본의 영향" 30 (30): 125-148, 2007

36 장수명, "인적 자본의 지역별 · 산업별 분포와 그 외부효과" 24 (24): 1-33, 2001

37 임정준, "여성의 고등교육에 대한 투자가 노동소득에 미치는 영향분석" 연세대학교 대학원 2010

38 장상수, "여성의 고등교육 이수기회: 누가왜딸을대학에보냈는가?" 한국사회학회 40 (40): 127-156, 2006

39 백일우, "여성고등교육이 성별 임금격차에 미치는 효과 분석" 한국교육재정경제학회 18 (18): 1-29, 2009

40 임정준, "소득분위별 여성의 고등교육투자에 대한 수익분석" 한국교육재정경제학회 19 (19): 29-56, 2010

41 유팔무, "세대간 사회이동과 교육기회 불평등" 5 : 65-93, 1981

42 신광영, "세대간 계급이동" 23 (23): 82-116, 1994

43 장미혜, "사회계급의 문화적 재생산: 대학간 위계서열에 따른 부모의 계급구성의 차이" 한국사회학회 36 (36): 223-251, 2002

44 김영화, "문화자본의 개념화와 문화자본 연구의 주요 쟁점에 관한 비판적 검토" 한국교육사회학회 22 (22): 31-63, 2012

45 백일우, "도구변수를 이용한 여성고등교육의 투자수익률 분석" 한국교육행정학회 26 (26): 75-94, 2008

46 김홍균, "대학의 전공별 교육투자수익률 분석" 한국재정학회 8 (8): 3-27, 2003

47 한만길, "대학 교육기회의 확대에 따른 대학의 분화와 교육기회의 불평등에 대한 연구" 29 (29): 251-266, 1991

48 금재호, "노동시장 이중구조와 성차별－직종분리를 중심으로－" 한국응용경제학회 6 (6): 259-290, 2004

49 방하남, "기회와 불평등 : 고등교육 기회에 있어서 사회계층간 불평등의 분석" 한국사회학회 36 (36): 193-222, 2002

50 정이환, "기업규모인가 고용형태인가" 비판사회학회 (73) : 332-355, 2007

51 김신일, "교육사회학" 교육과학사 1985

52 장상수, "교육기회의 불평등 : 가족배경이 학력성취에 미치는 영향" 34 (34): 671-708, 2000

53 박병영, "교육과 사회계층이동 조사연구(Ⅲ) : 교육 계층화와 사회이동 추이 분석" 한국교육개발원 2010

54 이병희, "교육과 노동시장연구" 한국노동연구원 2005

55 류장수, "교육과 노동시장 연구" 한국노동연구원 2005

56 최강식, "교육 투자의 경제적 수익률 분석" 한국응용경제학회 4 (4): 79-104, 2002

57 박세일, "고등교육 확대가 노동시장에 미치는 영향(1)" 4 : 149-170, 1983

58 박세일, "고등교육 확대가 노동시장에 미치는 영향 (2)" 5 : 26-52, 1983

59 김기헌, "고등교육 진학에 있어 가족배경의 영향과 성별 격차: 한국과 일본의 경우" 한국사회학회 39 (39): 119-151, 2005

60 설동훈, "계급과 한국사회" 한울 1994

61 우해봉, "경쟁리스크 생존모형을 통한 청년층의첫 일자리 획득 분석" 한국청소년정책연구원 19 (19): 225-250, 2008

62 장상수, "가족배경과 고등학교 계열 선택" 한국사회학회 41 (41): 118-146, 2007

63 장상수, "가족배경,문화자본,성적" 한국사회학회 42 (42): 63-85, 2008

64 이정환, "가족구조가 아이의 지적 능력에 미치는 영향" 32 (32): 621-644, 1998

65 오계훈, "가족구조가 아동의 학업성취에 미치는 영향" 11 (11): 101-123, 2001

66 김경근, "가족 내 사회적 자본과 아동의 학업성취" 10 (10): 21-40, 2000

67 有田 伸, "韓国の教育と社会階層" 東京大学出版会 2006

68 신동균, "敎育 投資收益率 分析" 한국경제학회 58 (58): 221-254, 2010

69 Lee, Sun-hwa, "Women’s working lives in East Asia" Stanford University Press 204-232, 2001

70 Brinton, Mary C., "Women’s lives in East Asia" Stanford University Press 125-150, 2001

71 DeSilva, Sanjaya, "Women, schooling, and marriage in rural Philippines" The Levy Economics Institute of Bard College 2011

72 Lee, Mi-Jeong, "Women's education, work, and marriage in Korea:Women's lives under institutional conflicts" Seoul National University Press 1998

73 Dougherty, Christopher, "Why is the rate of return to schooling higher for women than for men?”" 581 (581): 2003

74 Huang, Chong, "Why does spousal education matter for earnings? Assortative mating and cross-productivity" 27 (27): 633-652, 2009

75 Hout, Micahel, "What we have learned:RC28's contributions to knowledge about social stratification" 24 : 1-20, 2006

76 Sørenson, Annemette, "Welfare states, family inequality, and equality of opportunity" 24 (24): 367-375, 2006

77 Korpi, Tomas, "Vocational training and career employment precariousness in Great Britain, the Netherlands and Sweden" 46 : 17-30, 2003

78 Kerckhoff, Alan C., "Value consensus and need complementarity in mate selection" 27 : 295-303, 1962

79 Hong, Doo-seung, "Two channels of social mobility: patterns of social mobility in urban Korea" Collected papers of social science in Korea 137-159, 1980

80 Müller, Walter, "Transitions from education to work in Europe: The integration of youth into EU labour markets" Oxford University Press 23-62, 2003

81 우해봉, "Transition from School to Work before and after the '97 Korean Economic Crisis: Macroeconomic Context and Differential Impacts of Education" 한국사회학회 44 (44): 87-110, 2010

82 Hannan, Damian F., "Training in Europe-A second report on vocational training research in Europe 2000: Background report" Office for Official Publications of the European Communities 91-135, 2001

83 Kingston, Paul W., "The unfulfilled promise of cultural capital theory" 74 (74): 88-99, 2001

84 Lefgren, Lars, "The relationship between women’s education and marriage outcomes" 24 (24): 787-830, 2006

85 Jepsen, Lisa K., "The relationship between wife’s education and husband’s earnings: Evidence from 1960 to 2000" 3 : 197-214, 2005

86 Goldin, Claudia, "The quiet revolution that transformed women’s employment, education, and family" 96 (96): 1-21, 2006

87 Choi, Kang-Shik, "The impact of shifts in supply of college graduates : Repercussion of educational reform in Korea" 15 (15): 1-9, 1996

88 Goldin, Claudia, "The homecoming of American college women: The reversal of the college gender gap" 20 (20): 133-156, 2006

89 Heyneman, Stephen P., "The effect of primary school quality on academic achievement across twenty-nine highand low-income countries" 88 : 1162-1194, 1983

90 Erikson, Robert, "The constant flux: A study of class mobility in industrial societies" Clarendon Press 1992

91 Coleman, James S., "The adolescent society: The social life of teenagers and its impact on education" The Free Press 1961

92 Kenny, Lawrence, "The accumulation of human capital during marriage by males" 21 (21): 223-231, 1983

93 Willms, Jon Douglas, "Ten hypotheses about socioeconomic gradients and community differences in children’s developmental outcomes" Canadian research institute for social policy, University of New Brunswick 2003

94 이명진, "Temporal Variation in the Strength of Educational Assortative Marriage in Korea: A Birth Cohort Analysis of the 2000 Korea Census" 사회발전연구소 39 (39): 163-185, 2010

95 Sorenson, Clark W., "Success and education in South Korea" 38 (38): 10-35, 1994

96 Park, Hyunjoon, "Stratification in higher education: A comparative study" Stanford University Press 87-112, 2007

97 Baker, David P., "Socioeconomic status, school quality, and national economic development: a cross-national analysis of the "Heyneman-Loxley effect" on mathematics and science achievement" 46 : 291-312, 2002

98 Breen, Richard, "Social mobility in Europe" Oxford University Press 2005

99 Berent, Jerzy, "Social mobility in Britain" Routledge and Kegan Paul 321-338, 1954

100 Goldthorpe, John H., "Social mobility and class structure in modern Britain" Clarendon Press 1987

101 Mare, Robert D., "Social background and school continuation decisions" 75 : 295-305, 1980

102 Kalmijn, Matthijs, "Shifting boundaries : Trends in religious and educational homogamy" 56 : 786-800, 1991

103 Walters, Pamela B., "Sex and institutional differences in labor market effects on the expansion of higher education, 1952 to 1980" 59 (59): 199-211, 1986

104 Lockheed, Marlaine E., "Schools, classrooms, and pupils: International studies of schooling from a multi-level perspective" Academic Press 131-148, 1991

105 Mincer, Jacob, "Schooling, experience, and earnings" Columbia University Press 1974

106 Heckman, James J., "Sample selection bias as a specification error" 47 (47): 153-161, 1979

107 van Gennep, Arnold, "Rites of passage" The University of Chicago Press 1992

108 Byun, Soo-yong, "Revisiting the role of cultural capital in East Asian educational systems: The case of South Korea" 85 (85): 219-239, 2012

109 Chang, Sang-soo, "Returns to women’s education in the marriage market: A comparative analysis of Japan, Korea, and Taiwan"

110 Psacharopolous, George, "Returns to investment in education: A further update" 12 (12): 111-134, 2004

111 Breen, Richard, "Returns to education: Taking account of the employers' perception and use of educational credits" 11 : 59-73, 1995

112 Park, Hyunjoon, "Re-evaluating education in Japan and Korea:Demystifying stereotypes" Routledge 2013

113 Roscigno, Vincent, "Race, cultural capital, and educational resources : Persistent inequalities and achievement returns" 72 : 158-178, 1999

114 Koenker, Roger, "Quantile regression" Cambridge University Press 2005

115 Hao, Lingxin, "Quantile regression" Sage 2007

116 이병주, "Quantile Regression Analysis of Wage Determinants in the Korean Labor Market" 한국경제연구학회 7 (7): 1-31, 2006

117 Jackson, Michelle, "Primary and secondary effects in class differentials in educational attainment: The transition to A-level courses in England and Wales" 50 (50): 221-229, 2007

118 Thurow, Lester C., "Power and ideology in education" Oxford University Press 325-334, 1977

119 Mare, Robert D., "Persistent inequality: Changing educational attainment in thirteen countries" Westview Press 351-376, 1993

120 Blossfeld, Hans-Peter, "Persistent inequality: Changing educational attainment in thirteen countries" Westview Press 1-24, 1993

121 Sherer, Stefani, "Patterns of labour market entry-long wait or career instability? An empirical comparison of Italy, Great Britain, and West Germany" 21 : 427-440, 2005

122 Wolbers, Maarteen H. J., "Patterns of labour market entry" 50 : 189-210, 2007

123 Park, Mee-Hae, "Patterns and trends of educational mating in Korea" 20 : 1-15, 1991

124 Park, Hyunjoon, "Parental involvement and students’ cognitive outcomes in Korea: Focusing on private tutoring" 84 (84): 3-22, 2011

125 De Graaf, Nan Dirk, "Parental cultural capital and educational attainment in the Netherlands: A refinement of the cultural capital perspective" 73 : 92-111, 2000

126 OECD, "PISA 2012 results: Excellence through equity: Giving every student the chance to succeed" Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development 2013

127 OECD, "PISA 2009 results: Overcoming social background: Equity in learning opportunities and outcomes" Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development 2010

128 OECD, "PISA 2006 science competencies for tomorrow's world" Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development 2007

129 Goldthorpe, John H., "On sociology: Numbers, narratives, and the integration of research and theory" Oxford University Press 230-258, 2000

130 Lareau, Annette, "Moments of social inclusion and exclusion : Race, class, and cultural capital in family-school relationships" 72 : 37-53, 1999

131 Morgan, Stephen L., "Models of college entry in the United States and the challenges of estimating primary and secondary effects" 41 (41): 17-56, 2012

132 Blau, Peter. M., "Mobility and status attainment" 21 : 596-598, 1992

133 Schindler, Steffen, "Mechanisms of social ineqaulity development : Primary and secondary effects in the transition to tertiary education between 1976 and 2005" 28 (28): 647-660, 2012

134 Lee, Yeon-ju, "Married women’s employm ent in rapidly industrializing societies: Examples from East Asia" 100 : 1099-1130, 1995

135 Blackwell, Debra L., "Marital homogamy in the United States: The influence of individual and paternal education" 27 : 159-188, 1998

136 Cameron, Stephen V., "Life cycle schooling and dynamic selection bias: Models and evidence for five cohorts of American males" 106 (106): 262-333, 1998

137 OECD, "Learning for tomorrows world : First result from PISA 2003" Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development 2004

138 Willms, Jon Douglas, "Learning divides: Ten policy questions about the performance and equity of schools and schooling systems" UNESCO institute for statistics 2006

139 Park, Hyunjoon, "Korean education in changing economic and demographic contexts" Springer 153-171, 2014

140 OECD, "Knowledge and skills for life : First result from PISA 2000" Organization for Economic Co‐operation and Development 2001

141 Hao, Lingxin, "Kin support, welfare, and out-of-wedlock mothers" Garland 1994

142 OECD, "Jobs for youth: Korea" Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development 2007

143 Kalmijn. Matthijs, "Intermarriage and homogamy : Causes, patterns, and trends" 24 : 395-421, 1998

144 Park, Hyunjoon, "Intergenerational class mobility among Korean men in comparative perspective" 20 : 227-253, 2004

145 Kerckhoff, Alan C., "Institutional arrangements and stratification processes in industrial societies" 15 : 323-347, 1995

146 Park, Hyunjoon, "Inequality of educational opportunity in Korea:Gender, socioeconomic background, and family structure" 11 (11): 179-197, 2007

147 Jencks, Christopher, "Inequality : A reassessment of the effect of family and schooling in America" Basic Books 1972

148 Lett, Denise Potrzeba, "In pursuit of status : The making of South Korea’s new urban middle class" The Harvard University Asia Center 1998

149 Becker, Gary. S., "Human capital : a theoretical and empirical analysis" National Bbureau of Economic Research 1964

150 Sørenson, Aage B., "Handbook of the sociology of education" Kluwer Academic 137-160, 2000

151 Kerckhoff, Alan C., "Handbook of the sociology of education" Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers 453-474, 2000

152 Willis, Robert J., "Handbook of labor economics" North Holland 525-602, 1987

153 Card, David, "Handbook of labor economics" North Holland 1811-1864, 1999

154 McLanahan Sara, "Growing up with a single parent : What hurts, what helps" Harvard University Press 1994

155 Lee, Yeon-ju, "Gender differences in children’s schooling during the industrialization period: Korea from 1965 to 1994" 28 : 285-312, 1999

156 Müller, Walter, Susanne Steinmann, and Renate Ell, "From school to work: A comparative study of educational qualifications and occupational destinations" Clarendon Press 143-188, 1998

157 Müller, Walter, "From school to work: A comparative study of educational qualifications and occupational destinations" Clarendon Press 1-48, 1998

158 Shavit, Yossi, "From school to work : A comparative study of educational qualifications and occupational destinations" Clarendon Press 1998

159 Mare, Robert D., "Fives decades of educational assortative mating" 56 : 15-32, 1991

160 Smits, Jeroen, "Five decades of educational assortative mating in 10 East Asian societies" 88 (88): 227-255, 2009

161 Becker, Gary S., "Explaining the worldwide boom in higher education of women" 4 (4): 203-241, 2010

162 Breen, Richard, "Explaining educational differentials : Towards a formal rational action theory" 9 : 275-305, 1997

163 Card, David, "Estimating the return to schooling: Progress on persistent econometric problems" 69 (69): 1127-1160, 2001

164 Coleman, James S., "Equality of educational opportunity" .S. Government Printing Office 1966

165 Sui-Chu, Esther Ho, "Effects of parental involvement on eighth-grade achievement" 69 (69): 126-141, 1996

166 Lucas, Samuel R., "Effectively maintained inequality: Education transitions, track mobility and social background effects" 106 (106): 1642-1690, 2001

167 Byun, Soo-yong, "Educational inequality in South Korea: The widening socioeconomic gap in student achievement" 17 : 155-182, 2010

168 Smits, Jeroen, "Educational homogamy in 65 countries: An explanation of differences in openness using country-level explanatory variables" 63 : 264-285, 1998

169 Ultee, Wout C., "Educational heterogamy and father-to-son occupational mobility in 23 industrial nations" 6 : 125-149, 1990

170 Sandefur, Gary D., "Educational expansion and changes in occupational returns to education in Korea" 25 : 306-322, 2007

171 Park, Hyunjoon, "Educational assortative mating in South Korea: Trends 1930-1998" 23 : 103-207, 2005

172 Boudon, Raymond, "Education, opportunity, and social inequality : Changing prospects in western society" John Wiley & Sons 1974

173 Seth, Michael J., "Education fever: Society, politics and the pursuit of schooling in South Korea" University of Hawaii Press 2002

174 OECD, "Education at a glance: OECD indicators" Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development 2011

175 Buchmann, Claudia, "Education and stratification in developing countries: A review of theories and research" 27 : 77-102, 2001

176 Kerckhoff, Alan C., "Education and social stratification processes in comparative perspective" 74 (74): 3-18, 2001

177 Karlson, Kristian Bernt, "Decomposing primary and secondary effects : A new decomposition method" 29 (29): 221-237, 2011

178 Katsillis, John, "Cultural capital, student achievement, and educational reproduction : The case of Greece" 55 : 270-279, 1990

179 Dumais, Susan A., "Cultural capital, gender, and school success:The role of habitus" 75 : 44-68, 2002

180 DiMaggio, Paul, "Cultural capital, educational attainment and marital selection" 90 : 1231-1261, 1985

181 Lareau, Annette, "Cultural capital in educational research : A critical assessment" 32 : 567-606, 2003

182 Lamont, Michele, "Cultural capital : Allusions, gaps, and glissandos in recent theoretical developments" 6 : 153-168, 1988

183 Ganzeboom, Harry B. G., "Comparative intergenerational stratification research : Three generations and beyond" 17 : 277-302, 1991

184 Kurz, Karin, "Class mobility in the industrial world" 13 : 417-442, 1987

185 Erikson, Robert, "Class differentials in educational attainment" 201 (201): 9730-9733, 2005

186 Ryoo, Jai-kyung, "Changing rates of return to education over time : A Korean case study" 12 (12): 71-80, 1993

187 Mare, Robert D., "Change and stability in educational stratification" 46 : 72-87, 1981

188 Shavit, Yossi, "Can education be equalized? : The Swedish case in comparative perspective" Westview Press 233-254, 1996

189 Uunk, Wilfred J. G., "Bivariate and multivariate scaled association models : An application to homogamy of social origin and education in Hungary between 1930 and 1979" 30 : 323-343, 1996

190 Welch, Finis, "Benefits of women’s education within marriage : Comment" 82 (82): S72-S75, 1974

191 Benham, Lee, "Benefits of women’s education within marriage" 82 (82): S57-S71, 1974

192 Riddell, Abby Rubin, "An alternative approach to the study of school effectiveness in third world countries" 33 : 481-497, 1989

193 Blau, Peter M., "American occupational structure" The Free Press 1967

194 김신일, ""교육기회의 불평등"김영모 편. 현대사회문제론, pp. 108-121" 한국복지정책연구소 출판부 1982