커뮤니티 활성화를 위한 뉴욕시 가변적 가로공간 전용(轉⽤) 설계기법 연구 = A Study on Flexible Transforming Techniques of Street for Community Space in New York City

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The need for physical community spaces where individuals can interact, communicate, and empathize directly has been increasing in our modern society, due to the rise of single-person households and communication through SNS and online platforms. However, expanding community spaces faces challenges due to economic and developmental priorities. This study aims to focus on urban street spaces as an alternative to alleviate the shortage of community spaces. To secure community spaces, this research examines design techniques to transform streets into community spaces, utilizing their high accessibility. Firstly, through precedent studies and related books, the key factors for community activation are identified, and a framework for analysis is established. Next, case studies of three programs being implemented in New York City, NYC Open Restaurants, NYC Open Streets, and NYC Plaza Program, are conducted. The study also examines approaches to propose programs for community activities in these public open spaces. The analysis reveals that public open spaces secured by transformed street spaces through the three programs contribute to the enhancement of the following elements for community activation: Stability, Participation, Walkability, Street Vitality, Economic Benefits, Flexibility and Adaptability, Diversity, and Inclusivity. In conclusion, the implications of this research are significant. Firstly, it underscores the importance of community-centric planning, emphasizing that local communities should be at the forefront of space utilization, operation, management, and promotion right from the planning stages. Secondly, it highlights the role of government-supported programs in developing, operating, and providing initiatives that local communities can readily employ, ensuring equitable access to community spaces. Thirdly, a critical need for flexible and adaptive design is emphasized, allowing these spaces to easily adapt to evolving community needs and contexts. Finally, uniform design guidelines are crucial, offering consistent standards, criteria, modules, and guidelines applicable across all community spaces.