미국 ICT기업의 국제특허분류 공동출현 네트워크 특성에 관한 연구: 기술유사성과 기술응용성을 중심으로 = Coincidence Analysis with International Patent Classification (IPC) Network of US ICT Companies: Focusing on Technology Similarity and Application

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this study is to confirm the degree of technology similarity of MAGA, which leads the US ICT industry, and to examine the technology application of each company. MAGA (Microsoft, Apple, Google, Amazon), the four major ICT companies in the United States and a group of companies leading the future, accumulated intellectual property through patents. Through international patent classification (IPC), we examined how MAGA’s technologies are combined with other technologies and investigated differences in technology application by each company. In order to confirm the technology similarity of MAGA, we used the IPC co-occurrence network. The number of IPC samples limited to MAGA is 68,732, inclusive of registered and applied patents. We analyzed the technologies used in common by forming a pair of the top 10 companies in each company’s IPC in order of frequency. The top 10 IPCs were extracted based on the degree of centrality for each company, and the similarity and application of the technologies were verified with an edge value. The most commonly registered and applied technology by MAGA is G06F, which shows that it uses the most electrical digital data processing, and most of the other technologies are verified to be similar.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

4차산업혁명 시대가 도래하면서 사물인터넷, 인공지능, 빅데이터 등 관련 기술에 관한 관심이 증가하고 있다. 기술은 혁신을 통해 생성되기 때문에 기업은 기술혁신을 통한 기업성장에 주목해야 한다. 기업의 기술혁신을 통해 생성된 지식은 생산성을 향상하는 등 기업성장에 중심적인 역할을 한다. 미국의 4대 ICT 기업이자 미래를 선도하는 기업인 MAGA (Microsoft, Apple, Google, Amazon)는 특허를 통해 지식재산을 축적하였다. 본 연구는 과연 미국 ICT 산업을 선도하는 MAGA가 가지는 기술유사성은 어느 정도인지를 확인하고 각 기업이 가지는 기술응용성을 확인하고자 한다. MAGA가 보유한 기술을 국제특허분류(IPC, international patent classification)를 통해 어떤 기술들이 다른 기술들과 결합하는지 살펴보고, 기업별로 기술응용에 나타나는 차이를 살펴보았다. MAGA의 기술유사성을 확인하기 위해 본 연구는 IPC 공동출현 네트워크를 이용하였다. MAGA로 한정한 IPC 표본의 수는 등록 및 출원특허를 합한 68,732개이며, 이 정보는 빈도수 분석과 네트워크 분석을 통해 검증하였다. 기업별 IPC는 빈도순으로 상위 10개를 기업끼리 짝(pair)을 이루어서 공통으로 사용하고 있는 기술을 살펴보았다. 기업별 중심성(centrality)을 정도(degree) 기준으로 상위 10개의 IPC를 추출하여 유사성(similarity)을 확인하고 엣지(edge) 값으로 기술들의 연관성을 보았다. 분석결과 MAGA가 공통으로 가장 많이 등록, 출원한 기술은 G06F으로 전자 정보 처리(electrical digital data processing)를 가장 많이 사용하는 것으로 나타나며 나머지 기술들도 대부분 유사한 것으로 검증되었다.

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