RISS 검색 - 국내학술지논문 상세보기

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Algeria became independent in 1962 from France after Independent War for 8 years. Since the independence, the military, FLN(Front de Libe`ration Nationale) has leaded the governments, a revolutionary Arab-Islamic socialist republic as the only legal political party. The centralization, the corruption of the military governments and the extreme suppression of the Islamists opposition, FIS(Front Islamique du Salut) have interrupted the political development in Algeria more than for 40 years. The surprising first round success of FIS in 1990, 1991 balloting caused the military to intervene, to crack down FIS and to postpone the subsequent elections. FIS` resistance against these measures has resulted in continuous conflicts with the military governments. In 1992, the administrative tribunal of the Court of Algeria ordered the dissolution of FIS and the regime cancelled the parliamentary elections. Since then, most of FIS leaders have been on prison or in exile and Algeria people have suffered civil war. In 1997, the executive branch of the FIS in exile excluded from membership some forty of its leaders who had refused to make peace at any price, and condemned the wave of violence attacks and called for the formation of a national government. In 1997 FIS spokesman declared not to want a religious state or a theocracy in Algeria. AIS(Arme` Islamique du Salut) is the armed wing of the FIS and in June 1999 announced it was abandoning the armed struggle. GIA(Groupe Islamique Arme`) is an Algerian Muslim fundamentalist group formed in December 1992 after the cancellation of both municipal and legislative election in Algeria. GIA`s proclaimed goal is the overthrow of the current military-backed government and the establishment of Islamic state based on Islamic law. The Civil Harmony Law which pardons the surrendering armed forces was passed by plebiscite in September 1999. But the violence in Algeria has been continued. There are no exact figures, but it is estimated that by 2002, about 150,000 people had killed in the continuing violence between outlawed Islamists and the military Governments. Other serious problems including 75% unemployment of young people, a shortage of housing and the need to diversify the petroleum have fueled the conflicts to continue.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 "The Islamic Movement in North Africa Center for Middle Eastern Studies" 1993

2 International Crisis Group, "The Civil Concord: A Peace Initiative Wasted" Brussels 2002

3 "State and Private Sector in Algeria : the Politics of Rent-seeking and Failed Development" Boulder and Oxford: Westview Press 2000

4 Mohammed, "Polity and Society in Contemporary North Africa" Westview Press 1993

5 "Multi-causal Conflict in Algeria: National Identity, Inequality and Political Islam" Queen Elizabeth House 2003

6 Nouredine, "La Femme et la loi en Algerie" Editions Bouchene 1991

7 Maddy-Weitzman, Bruce, "Islamism and the State in North Africa" State University of New York Press 2003

8 Noyon, Jennifer, "Islam, Politics and Pluralism: Theory and Practice in Turkey, Jordan, Tunisia and Algeria" Royal Institute of International Affairs 2003

9 Human Rights Watch, "Human Rights Watch World Report 2002" 2002

10 Ruedy, "Continuities and Discontinuities in the Algerian confrontation with Europe Islamism and Secularism in North Africa" Martin's Press 1994