셰익스피어의 『리어왕』(King Lear)에 나타난 남성적 여성들

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The present paper aims at studying the gender and role reversal patterns of women from the Shakespeare’s plays feminist and liberal humanist perspectives. This study assumes feminism as an offshoot of the liberal humanism, which posits a subject desiring to be autonomous, to be not only just free, but also to be the origin and guarantee of its own identity, the source of its own being, meaning and agency. One might say that liberals are in general committed to an ontology of the individual- a metaphysical conception of the individual as an irreducible entity endowed with an existence that can be taken to transcend the limitations of any particular culture or society.
King Lear is very much a political play, concerned with power and government in the royal family. In the patriarchal society which defines power and politics as “masculine” privileges, Goneril and Regan strive to hold regal power committing “masculine” crimes. In the process they strengthen and maintain the patriarchal systems of men. These threatening women are characterized as monsters and devils by their contemporary misogynist discourses, and subsequently they are outcast. However, in the process of their destruction, they put into question the validity and legitimacy of the patriarchal system.
Shakespeare dramatizes complex women as individuals of love, sexual desire, political ambition, and life-care. Goneril, Regan, try their best to achieve self-fulfillment and their agency as human beings in spite of the limits of their patriarchal system. They deny their socially and culturally given roles of docile lover, dependant daughter, and servile wife. They show the developing processes of their true self-fashioning even though they are contained in the patriarchal system in fine.

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