뉴트리아 (Myocastor coypus)의 국내 분포 및 서식 현황에 관한 연구 = The Study on the Distribution and Inhabiting Status of Nutria (Myocastor coypus) in Korea

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study has researched the national expansion, dispersion of nutria and investigated its inhabitation status for the past 3 years. The report has shown that the number of nutria habitat, reported to be distributed in 9 cities or districts in 2010, has been increased to 13 in 2012. In the research of 629 nutria habitats, 95.9% of habitat traces were found in Busan-Kyungnam area. From the research of relative density by location type for the 6 survey areas in these 5 areas above, it was shown 3.98(±2.56)ind./100m in 2010, 2.90(±2.69)ind./100m in 2011 and 1.39(±0.66)ind./100m in 2012. From the research of relative density by habitat types, it was shown 3.48(±2.15)ind./100m in palustrine wetland area, 1.01±(0.25)ind./100m in river area and 3.69±(2.83) ind./100m in riverine wetland area. It was shown that the annual average density in the areas has slightly been decreased for the past 3 years between 2010 and 2012. It also reported that the habitat density in the river area is a bit lower than that in the wetland area. Currently it can be determined that the nutria has fully adapted themselves to the various local environments of wetland, river, stream, and so on in Korea and the Relative density could be remarkably increased especially in the favorable condition like a wetland. As the ones living in the area with over-density could be spread out to other areas, the efficient management plan to control should be prepared considering ecological conditions.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구에서는 3년간(2010~2012년) 뉴트리아의 전국적인 확산과 분포 흐름을 확인하고 서식 현황을 조사하였다. 2010년 9개 시⋅군에 분포하는 것으로 파악된 뉴트리아는 2012년 조사 결과, 13개 시⋅군에서 서식하는 것으로 나타났으며, 뉴트리아의 서식 흔적 조사에서 확인된 629개의 지점 중 95.9%의 흔적지점이 부산⋅경남지역을 중심으로 확인되었다. 부산⋅경남지역의 5개 행정구역 내 위치한 6개 조사구역을 서식지 유형별로 구분하여 개체 밀도를 조사한 결과, 2010년 3.89(±2.56)개체/100m, 2011년 2.90(±2.69)개체/100m, 2012년 1.39(±0.66)개체/100m의 개체 밀도를 확인하였다. 조사기간 동안의 서식지 유형별 평균 개체밀도는, 소택형 습지 조사지역 3.48(±2.15)개체/100m, 하천 조사지역 1.01(±0.25)개체/100m, 하천형 습지 조사지역 3.69(±2.83)개체/100m로 나타났다. 2010년부터 2012년까지 3년간 조사구역의 연간 평균 개체 밀도는 매년 감소하는 경향을 보였으며, 하천이 습지에 비해 뉴트리아 평균 개체 밀도가 낮게 나타났다. 현재 뉴트리아는 국내의 습지, 하천, 강 등 다양한 환경에 적응하여 서식하고 있으며 특히, 습지와 같이 서식에 유리한 환경이 조성된 지역에서는 급속한 밀도의 증가를 보일 수 있다. 과밀 지역에 서식하는 뉴트리아는 타 지역으로의 확산 가능성을 지니고 있으므로 생태적인 특성을 적용한 효율적인 관리방안의 수립이 필요하다.

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