노인의 자아존중감과 삶의 질과의 관계 연구

국문 초록 (Abstract)

노인의 자아존중감과 삶의 질과의 관계를 규명하며 노년기의 적응을 돕기 위한 간호중재방법에 도움이 되는 자료를 제공하기 위하여 연구대상은 2001년 6월1일부터 30일까지 K 광역시의 60세 이상 노인들 142명을 대상으로 하였고, 수집된 자료는 SPSS /PC를 이용하여 일반적 특성에 따른 주요변수는 ANOVA, 자아존중감과 삶의 질과의 상관관계는 Pearson Correlation Coefficient, 일반적 특성에서 주요변수와의 다단계 분석은 Stepwise Multiple Regression을 이용하여 분석하였다. 본 연구결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 본 연구의 가설인 "노인들의 자아존중감 정도가 높을수록 삶의 질 정도도 높을 것이다."는 지지되었다(p<0.05, r=0.407). 본 연구의 대상자들이 자아존중감 정도를 높게 지각한 사람들이 삶의 질 정도도 높게 지각한 것으로 나타났다. 2. 종속변수를 예측하기 위한 다단계 다중회귀분석에서는 삶의 질 변화에 영향을 미치는 요인으로 월수입, 운동종류, 자아존중감 등이 삶의 질 변화에 영향을 미치는 요인으로 규명되었으며 33%를 설명하였다. 분석결과 3개요인 중 가장 영향을 많이 미치는 요인은 자아존중감(B=0.381)이었고, 운동종류(B=-0.298)가 삶의 질에 가장 적게 영향을 미치는 변수로 나타났다. 이상의 결과들은 노인정의 노인들은 자아존중감을 높게 지각한 사람들이 삶의 질이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 노인을 돌보는데 관련된 봉사자들은 노인 자신이 긍정적인 자신의 생각을 갖도록 도와야 할 것이며, 노인의 자아존중감을 높게 지각하도륵 도와서 행복한 삶을 살수 있도록 노인을 지지하고 삶의 질을 높일 수 있도록 해야 할 것으로 사료된다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study is designed to provide basic data which are helpful for nursing intervention to encourage the adjustment of the old to the changeable society through identifying a relationship of self-esteem and consequence about their quality of life. For this study, 142 persons were selected from three centers for the elderly located in B dong, G city and questionnaire which contained 68 questions were distributed to them for 30 days from June 1st to 30st, 2001. The questions were composed of 10 items about general features, 10 items for measuring self-esteem and 44 items about quality of the life. The results of this study are as follows: 1. As a result of analysing the questions about self-esteem it is shown that the question with the highest point was "I think I am as much valuable as others"(3.40) and the question with the lowest was "I sometimes think lam not good"(2.90). 2. As a result of analysing the questions related to quality of their life, it is shown that the question with the highest point was "What do you think of your children these days?"(3.59) and the question with lowest was "Do you think you are valuable these days?"(2.63). 3. As a result of analysing self-esteem according to the general characteristics, there was a statistically signifiant difference in educational background and monthly income (P<0.05). By the educational background, the old people with college degrees showed 3.52, the highest score and by the monthly income, those who make more than 2 million won showed 3.20 (±0.30), the highest score. 4. As a result of analysing the quality of the life according to general characteristics, there were statistically significant difference in educational background monthly income, possession of housing, kinds of sports and leisure(P<0.05). By the educational background, subjects with bachelors degrees or above showed 3.42, the highest score. Subjects who make 2 million won as monthly income showed 3.49, the highest score. Subjects who own their private houses and who enjoy golf showed 3.18 and 3.38 respectively 5. The assumption of this study that "the higher the self-esteem of the old, the more satisfactory their life." was supported (p<0.06, r=0.407). It is demonstrated that the people who have high self-esteem thought quality of their life as satisfactory, 6. By stepwise multiple regression to identify predictor of quality of life, monthly income, practice of sports and self-esteem were statistically significant variable. In conclusion, nursing services to encourage the old people to have positive attitude to their living and efforts to increase their monthly income and to practice sports regularly will help the elderly to feel the quality of their life as satisfaction.