정조 대의 성균관 과시 정책 = The Policy of Seongkyunkwan Examinations in the period of King Jeongjo`s reign(1776-1800)

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study aims at revealing the process and the meaning of the policy of Seongkunkwan examinations in the period of King Jeongjo``s reign. King Jeongjo succeeded the policy of King Youngjo to improve the ability of the students by Seongkunkwan examinations. But he built a new educational system and creatively executed the rules of Seongkunkwan examination. So his policy was a different approach in the same paradigm of policy. The process of the policy can be said as follows. First, in the former period, he reinforced the resident rule of Sungkunkwan students to stabilize the education of Seongkunkwan. But he was not satisfied with the revival of the code, so he built a new system of Chogyemunsin that educated the young elite officials. Now the connectivity between the Seongkunkwan students and the young elite officials became strengthened. Second, in the latter period, he restarted the policy that improved the ability of both Chinese classic and literature of Seongkunkwan students. So he intended to introduce Wonjeomgwa. But his intension was not accepted and he prosecuted some different meaures, especially the raise of the status of Engje which was the occasional test. In the end, he accomplished his purpose of Sungkunkwan examinations policy through these creative approaches. King Jengjo``s policy of Seongkunkwan examinations has some important meanings. First, it also shows the character of the educational policy of the late Joseon dynasty that intended to improve educational situation through some examinations. It means that the educational situation was different to the former period of Joseon dynasty. Second, his policy has some different aspect with others. He created a new system that educated the young elite officials. It means that a new educational system appeared. But his policy was not succeeded to his successors.

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