자폐 범주성 장애 진단 및 지원 체계 수립 요구: 소아청소년정신과 전문의의 경험과 인식을 중심으로 = A Study of the System of Diagnosis and Support for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders: Based on the Experience and the Perceptions of Child and Adolescent Psychiatrists

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

There has been a dramatical increase in the prevalence of autism spectrum disorders(ASD) internationally. Such an increase is also being perceived in the field of diagnosis and education in Korea. Due to the specific needs of individuals with ASD, comprehensive treatment supports are required, including professional personnel for diagnosis and education, and the very high economic expense. Therefore, for individuals with ASD throughout their whole lives, professional and systematic supports are required. The purpose of this study was to find what kind of experience that child and adolescent psychiatrists have in the process of diagnosis of ASD and how they perceive the process. For the purpose of the study, 10 psychiatrists were participated in in-depth interviews. Seven major themes emerged from the qualitative analysis: (1) needs for diagnosis and support, (2) experiences and needs for supporting children with ASD, (3) needs for case management and support, (4) needs for family support, (5) difficulties of inter-organization cooperation, (6) needs for professional development of psychiatrist, and (7) contributing figures for prognosis. Based on the result of the study, implications were provided to facilitate the accuracy of the diagnosis and to establish the supporting system for children with ASD.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

자폐 범주성 장애(autism spectrum disorders: ASD)는 전 세계적으로 그 출현율이 급증하고 있는 것으로 보고되고 있으며, 국내에서도 진단과 교육 현장에서 출현율 증가가 인지되고 있다. 자폐 범주성 장애는 장애의 특성으로 인해서 전 생애에 걸친 종합적인 지원을 필요로 하며, 특히 진단과 지원을 위한 전문성이 요구될 뿐만 아니라 많은 비용이 소모된다. 따라서 좀 더 전문적이고 구체적인 지원을 제공할 수 있는 체계가 마련되어야 한다. 본 연구는 자폐 범주성 장애 진단 및 지원 체계 수립을 위한 기초 자료 제공을 목적으로 하였으며, 구체적으로는 지원의 시작이라고 할 수 있는 진단의 전문가인 소아청소년정신과 전문의를 대상으로 심층면담을 실시하여 이들의 관련 경험과 인식을 알아보고 지원 요구를 파악하고자 하였다. 그 결과 (1) ASD 진단 및 지원 요구, (2) ASD 학생 지원 경험 및 지원 요구, (3) ASD 학생 사례관리 및 지원 요구, (4) 가족지원 및 관련 요구, (5) 외부기관 연계 및 협력의 어려움, (6) 소아청소년정신과 전문의 양성과정 및 관련 요구, (7) ASD 학생의 예후 영향 요인의 7개 주제가 도출되었다. 본 연구의 결과를 바탕으로 ASD 진단 전문성 향상을 위한 방안과 지원 체계 수립의 필요성 및 시급함에 대한 시사점을 논의하였다.

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