잎갈나무와 일본잎갈나무의 해부학적, 물리·역학적 특성 비교 = Comparison of Cellular Anatomical, Physical and Mechanical Properties Between Dahurian Larch and Japanese Larch

국문 초록 (Abstract)

잎갈나무와 일본잎갈나무의 종 구분을 위하여 해부학적 특성을 관찰하고, 재질의 특성을 밝히기 위하여 연륜폭, 가도관 길이, 밀도, 강도 등을 비교분석하였다. 수간해석와 시험편 채취를 위하여 강원도 정선군 정선읍 지역에서 생장한 잎갈나무와 일본잎갈나무를 경급별(대·중·소)로 1본씩 선발하여 벌채하였다. 잎갈나무와 일본잎갈나무의 평균 수령은 각각 74년, 51년, 평균 흉고지름은 각각 442 mm, 352 mm, 평균 수고는 각각 26.1 m, 20.8 m이었다. 두 수종의 수목해부학적 차이는 나선비후가 잎갈나무에 존재하지 않지만, 일본잎갈나무의 방사가도관에 드물게 존재한다는 점이다. 하지만 본 연구에서는 잎본잎갈나무의 방사단면에서 나선비후가 발견되지 않았다. 수고 1.2 m의 원판에서 측정된 잎갈나무와 일본잎갈나무의 연평균 직경생장은 각각 5.167 mm, 5.954 mm로 일본잎갈나무의 생장이 잎갈나무에 비하여 우수하였다. 강도측정을 위한 시험편의 물리적 특성에서 연평균 직경생장이 작은 잎갈나무가 일본잎갈나무에 비하여 만재율과 전건밀도가 크게 측정되었다. 역학적 특성은 잎갈나무가 일본잎갈나무에 비하여 2 - 7% 크게 측정되었다. 본 연구를 통하여 축적된 자료는 향후 수행될 DNA 분석을 통한 잎갈나무와 일본잎갈나무 종 구분의 기초자료로 활용될 것으로 기대된다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The study aims to observe the cellular anatomical properties of Dahurian larch and Japanese larch for the species identification. In addition, other factors - the ring width, tracheid length, density, and strength - were compared and analyzed to clarify their physical and mechanical properties. To the end, three Dahurian larch trees and three Japanese larch trees by each diameter class were collected as specimens from Jeongseon-eup, Jeongseon-gun, Gangwon-do, to conduct a stem analysis. It was found that the average stand age, average diameter at breast height, and average tree height of three Dahurian larch trees and Japanese larch trees were 74 years and 51 years, 442 mm and 352 mm, and 26.1 m and 20.8 m, respectively. The cellular anatomical difference between Dahurian larch and Japanese larch can be usually found by spiral thickening, considering that it doesn`t occur in Dahurian larch at all, while rarely does in the ray tracheids of Japanese larch. However, in this study, spiral thickening was not observed in the radial section of Japanese larch. The average annual growth diameters measured at 1.2 m-height of Dahurian larch and Japanese larch were 5.167 mm and 5.954 mm, respectively. Meanwhile, arboreal growth of Japanese larch was observed to be higher than that of Dahurian larch. In the physical properties test, it was measured that the latewood proportion and oven-dry density of Dahurian larch with low annual diameter growth were higher than those of Japanese larch, while the mechanical properties of Dahurian larch wood were measured 2-7% higher than those of Japanese larch wood. The data obtained from this study are expected to be used as the basic reference for species identification between Dahurian larch and Japanese larch by DNA analysis.

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