19세기 중엽 네덜란드무역회사(NHM)의 일본무역활동 = A study on the trading activities of NHM in Japan in the middle nineteenth century

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

NHM (Netherlandsche Handel Maatschappij: Netherlands Trading Company) was established in the year of 1825, for encouraging export trade of Netherlands through the colonial exploitation in Dutch East Indies. It succeeded to the Dutch East India Company(VOC) which went bankrupt in 1789.
NHM began to trade with Japan in the 1850s in the flow of opening the port in East Asia. Netherlands was the only country of Europe trading with Japan despite seclusion policy of Tokugawa Bakufu until the opening the port of Japan. Therefore NHM could vigorously trade with Japan in Meiji restoration periods.
NHM traded with Bakufu and Daimyo mainly buying and selling commodities and lending capital. NHM, whose capital was abundant, gradually concentrated on lending capital to Daimyo. NHM's abundant capital was flowed into landlords such as Satsuma and that capital made a important role in overthrowing the Bakufu. During 1860~1871, NHM made profits about 1 million dollars.
As the collapse of the Bakufu and Daimyo, NHM lost the trading partner and marked deficit from 1874. Eventually NHM withdrew from Japan in 1879.