Performances in a Picture Description Task in Japanese Patients with Alzheimer’s Disease and with Mild Cognitive Impairment

국문 초록 (Abstract)

배경 및 목적: 알츠하이머병 가장 초기의 언어기능 손상의 특징을 알아보기 위해 알츠하이머병전단계로 알려져 있는 건망형 경도인지장애(mild cognitive impairment: MCI, 이하 MCI) 환자와 경도 알츠하이머병(Alzheimer’s disease: AD, 이하 AD) 환자들에게 언어 검사를 실시하여이를 정상 고령자와 비교하였다. 방법: 본 연구에서는 일본인을 대상으로 하였으며, MCI 환자20명, 경도 AD 환자 27명, 정상고령자 20명이 참여하였다. 참여자들에게 대면이름대기 과제(Test of Lexical Processing in Aphasia (TLPA-Japanese))와 Communicative Abilities inDaily Living (CADL-Japanese), 그림설명하기 과제(The Boston Cookie-Theft picture)를 실시하였다. 그림설명하기 과제의 수행은 구문적/의미적으로 분석하였다. 결과: 1) 대면이름과제와 CADL에서 경도 AD 환자들은 MCI 환자나 정상 고령자에 비해 유의미하게 수행이 낮은반면, MCI 환자들은 정상 고령자와 유의한 차이가 없었다. 2) 그림설명하기 과제의 수행 결과의미적인 측면에서 경도 AD와 MCI 환자는 정상 고령자에 비해 정보량이 부족하고, 비효율적이며, 공허한(empty) 내용의 언어를 사용하는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 구문적인 측면에서는경도 AD 환자를 포함한 3집단에 유의한 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 논의 및 결론: 본 연구에서MCI 환자의 미세한 언어 기능의 손상을 검출 할 수 있는 과제는 그림설명하기 과제(의미적측면)뿐이었다. 그림설명하기 과제는 실시와 분석이 간단함에도 불구하고 다양한 의사소통기능을 통합적으로 평가할 수 있는 유용한 과제임을 알 수 있다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Background & Objectives: To determine the earliest changes in language function in participants with Alzheimer’s disease, performances in various language tests were compared between patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or with mild Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and healthy elderly individuals. Methods: Language function was studied in patients with amnestic MCI (n = 20) and with mild AD (n = 27) and was compared with
normal cognition in elderly individuals (NC, n = 20) using the Communicative Abilities in Daily Living (CADL), a confrontation naming test, and the Boston Cookie-Theft picture description task. The analysis for the picture description task was divided into two aspects: syntactic and semantic. Results: 1) In the CADL and confrontation naming tests, the mild AD group performed worse than did the NC and MCI groups. However, there was no significant difference between the NC and MCI groups. 2) In the Cookie-Theft picture description task,
performances of the MCI and AD groups were non-informative, inefficient and empty in semantic aspect compared to the NC group. However, no differences were observed between the three groups on syntactic aspect. Discussion & Conclusion: The picture description task is useful for detecting subtle language deficits in patients with amnestic MCI. This study demonstrated that the picture description task can sensitively detect complex integrated communication abilities, although it is very quick and simple to administer.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. Introduction
• Ⅱ. Methods
• Ⅲ. Results
• Ⅳ. Discussion and Conclusion

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