1960년대 이전의 태권도 정신 연구 = The Study of Taekwondo Spirit before the 1960s

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Taekwondo Spirit is a compound word of ‘Taekwondo’ and ‘spirit’, which refers to values of desirable human character that Taekwondo aims at nurturing. The spirit can be completed by Taekwondo training, through experience and realization obtained within techniques. The paper examined Taekwondo Spirit that was perceived by Mocheguan(母體館) founders and the subsequent Taekwondo trainers, covering the period from 1945 throughout the 1960s. Mocheguan founders could not break out of their martial art training experience. Especially, the school founders who had karate training experience even borrowed a karate concept of “there is no forestalling in karate” to use as Taekwondo Spirit. Of course, some among them tried to build new identity of bare-hand martial arts by linking Taekwondo with traditional Korean values, i.e., an attempt to give traditionality and legitimacy through a connection with Hwarangdo. Looking at textbooks published since the 1950s, Taekwondo is defined as a martial art of a fatal blow and values were given to its mental training aspect. As for specific action plan, a number of universal concepts were borrowed. For example, Choi Hong-hee appointed five concepts of manner, sense of honor, endurance, spirit of self-denial and indomitable spirit as the Taekwondo Spirit. This trend continued after the Taekwondo world was arranged under the nine branches of Taekwondo schools. Similar but different concepts were especially mentioned in many cases. Even though this can be thought as reflecting the perception among the school founders, it is conjectured that nationalism or nationalistic social atmosphere at the time being also had a certain influence.

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