Sophie Treadwell’s Machinal and American Expressionism: a Story Caught between Facts and Truth Abstract Kim,Da-san(SeoulNationalUniv.) This paper aims to examine Sophie Treadwell’s Machinal (1928) in light of American Expressionism. Unlike ...
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다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)
Sophie Treadwell’s Machinal and American Expressionism: a Story Caught between Facts and Truth Abstract Kim,Da-san(SeoulNationalUniv.) This paper aims to examine Sophie Treadwell’s Machinal (1928) in light of American Expressionism. Unlike ...
Sophie Treadwell’s Machinal and American Expressionism: a Story Caught between Facts and Truth Abstract Kim,Da-san(SeoulNationalUniv.) This paper aims to examine Sophie Treadwell’s Machinal (1928) in light of American Expressionism. Unlike its European counterpart that ushered in radical experiments from Symbolism, Expressionism, and Dadaism to Surrealism in the early 20th century, American theatre lacked such spontaneous theatrical experiments. In the midst of petty vaudevilles and melodramas that dominated American theatre of the period, theatre designers, practitioners, and producers found German Expressionism to be a plausible alternative. This paper focuses on the Expressionist vision that Machinal dramatizes. Directed by Arthur Hopkins and designed by Robert Edmond Jones, who studied and introduced the New Stagecraft from the Continent, Machinal is generally acclaimed as one of the most prominent American Expressionist plays. Scholarly discussion on the play’s Expressionist features, however, remains rather sketchy. Machinal is based on the notorious murder case of Ruth Snyder (1927) who killed her husband in collaboration with her lover and scandalized society as the first woman in New York to be executed in an electric chair. Treadwell proclaimed her intention to write Machinal as looking into the hidden layer of the woman’s story as opposed to what had been circulated in sensational journalism. As such, patriarchal oppression on ‘Young Woman’ that might have caused her isolation has attracted scholars’ attention and invited feminist readings of the play. While Machinal undoubtedly belongs to the tradition of Expressionism with its episodic scenes, fragmented dialogue, and archetypical characters, this paper further brings attention to the play’s allegorical representation of Expressionist vision wherein “objective facts“ transcend into Artist Truth. In addition, this paper argues that in contrast to German Expressionism that is predicated on a gloomy vision of human alienation after World War I, Machinal’s vision is not entirely pessimistic. On the one hand, the image of invincible “machine”—as the title indicates—dominates the play. On the other hand, the ambiguous nature of the machine does not wholly forfeit the possible salvation. Machinal renewed its socio-political significance in today’s society wherein the emergence of Artificial Intelligence promotes the fear of “machine” that replaces human labor while human beings bound themselves with ever-convenient smart technology.
참고문헌 (Reference)
1 박노출, "수잔 글래스펠의 Trifles에 관한 해석의 문제: 의사소통모델과 인지주의모델을 통한 비교론적 접근" 한국현대영미드라마학회 27 (27): 37-69, 2014
2 Rosenwald, Michael S., "‘Great God, he is alive!’ The first man executed by electric chair died slower than Thomas Edison expected"
3 Gassner, John, "Twenty-five Best Plays of the Modern American Theatre 1916-1929" Crown Publishers 1949
4 Glaspell, Suan, "Trifles"
5 Strand, Ginger, "Treadwell"s Neologism : Machinal" 44 (44): 163-175, 1992
6 Rice, Elmer, "Three Plays" Hill and Wang 1965
7 Cotsell, Michael, "The Theater of Trauma: American Modernist Drama and the Psychological Struggle for the American Mind, 1900-1930" Peter Lang 2005
8 Wainscott, Ronald H., "The Emergence of the Modern American Theatre, 1914-1929" Yale UP 1914
9 Robert Wieme, "The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari"
10 Mantle, Burns, "The Best Plays of 1928-1929 and the Yearbook of the Drama in America" Dodd, Mead, and Company 1929
1 박노출, "수잔 글래스펠의 Trifles에 관한 해석의 문제: 의사소통모델과 인지주의모델을 통한 비교론적 접근" 한국현대영미드라마학회 27 (27): 37-69, 2014
2 Rosenwald, Michael S., "‘Great God, he is alive!’ The first man executed by electric chair died slower than Thomas Edison expected"
3 Gassner, John, "Twenty-five Best Plays of the Modern American Theatre 1916-1929" Crown Publishers 1949
4 Glaspell, Suan, "Trifles"
5 Strand, Ginger, "Treadwell"s Neologism : Machinal" 44 (44): 163-175, 1992
6 Rice, Elmer, "Three Plays" Hill and Wang 1965
7 Cotsell, Michael, "The Theater of Trauma: American Modernist Drama and the Psychological Struggle for the American Mind, 1900-1930" Peter Lang 2005
8 Wainscott, Ronald H., "The Emergence of the Modern American Theatre, 1914-1929" Yale UP 1914
9 Robert Wieme, "The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari"
10 Mantle, Burns, "The Best Plays of 1928-1929 and the Yearbook of the Drama in America" Dodd, Mead, and Company 1929
11 Downs, William M, "The Art of Theatre: Then and Now" Thomson Wadsworth 2007
12 Weiss, Katherine, "Sophie Treadwell’s Machinal: Electrifying the Female Body" 71 (71): 4-14, 2006
13 Kokoschka, Oskar, "Oskar Kokoschka: Plays and Poems" Ariadne P 21-38, 2001
14 Paulson, Noelle, "Munch, the Scream"
15 Treadwell, Sophie, "Machinal" Royal National Theatre 1993
16 Walker, Julia A., "Expressionism and Modernism in the American Theatre: Bodies, Voices, Words" Cambridge UP 2005
17 Barber, Rytch, "Disclosing Intertextualities: The Stories, Plays, and Novels of Susan Glaspell" Rodopi 93-113, 2006
18 Essin, Christin, "Designing American Modernity: David Belasco’s The Governor’s Lady and Robert Edmond Jones’s The Man who Married a Dumb Wife" 29 : 32-51, 2009
19 Dickey, Jerry, "Broadway’s Bravest Woman:Selected Writings of Sophie Treadwell" Southern Illinois UP 2006
20 Parent, Jennifer, "Arthur Hopkins’ Production of Sophie Treadwell’s ‘Machinal’" 26 (26): 87-100, 1928
21 Aronson, Arnold, "American Avant-Garde Theatre: A History" Routledge 2000
22 Valgemae, Mardi, "Accelerated Grimace: Expressionism in the American Drama of the 1920s" Southern Illinois UP 1972
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학술지 이력
연월일 | 이력구분 | 이력상세 | 등재구분 |
---|---|---|---|
2027 | 평가예정 | 재인증평가 신청대상 (재인증) | |
2021-01-01 | 평가 | 등재학술지 유지 (재인증) | |
2018-01-01 | 평가 | 등재학술지 유지 (등재유지) | |
2015-01-01 | 평가 | 등재학술지 유지 (등재유지) | |
2014-02-06 | 학술지명변경 | 외국어명 : The Journal of Modern British and American Drama -> Journal of Modern English Drama | |
2011-01-01 | 평가 | 등재 1차 FAIL (등재유지) | |
2009-01-01 | 평가 | 등재학술지 유지 (등재유지) | |
2007-01-01 | 평가 | 등재학술지 유지 (등재유지) | |
2004-01-01 | 평가 | 등재학술지 선정 (등재후보2차) | |
2003-01-01 | 평가 | 등재후보학술지 유지 (등재후보2차) | |
2002-01-01 | 평가 | 등재후보 1차 PASS (등재후보1차) | |
2001-01-01 | 평가 | 등재후보학술지 선정 (신규평가) |
학술지 인용정보
기준연도 | WOS-KCI 통합IF(2년) | KCIF(2년) | KCIF(3년) |
---|---|---|---|
2016 | 0.16 | 0.16 | 0.19 |
KCIF(4년) | KCIF(5년) | 중심성지수(3년) | 즉시성지수 |
0.18 | 0.17 | 0.674 | 0.04 |