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      KCI등재 SCOPUS SCIE

      소아 사시 수술시 테논낭하 국소마취제 주사 및 수술 전 불안감이 sevoflurane 마취 후 회복기 각성흥분에 미치는 영향 = The Effect of Subtenons Lidocaine Injection and/or Preoperative Anxiety on Emergence Agitation after Sevoflurane Anesthesia in Pediatric Strabismus Surgery

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      https://www.riss.kr/link?id=A104350826

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      다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

      Background: Inhalation anesthesia with sevoflurane is widely used for pediatric patients. However, emergence agitation after sevoflurane anesthesia has been reported. This study examined whether or not a lidocaine injection into subtenons space and/or preoperative anxiety affects emergence agitation after pediatric strabismus surgery with sevoflurane anesthesia.
      Methods: Two hundred children receiving sevoflurane anesthesia for strabismus surgery were randomly assigned into four groups. Before induction, the anesthesiologist explained the general anesthesia and its possible complications to the children in groups 2 and 4, while it did not in groups 1 and 3. The anxiety score was then evaluated. Anesthesia was induced with 4-6 mg/kg thiopental sodium and 0.8 mg/kg rocuronium, and was maintained with O2-N2O-sevoflurane. Before the end of surgery, a surgeon injected the subtenons space with 2% lidocaine 1 ml in groups 3 and 4, while there was no injection in groups 1 and 2. The degree of emergence agitation was assessed at the postanesthetic care unit using a five point scoring scale.
      Results: The preoperative anxiety score was similar in the preoperative explanation (Gp 2, 4) and non preoperative explanation groups (Gp 1, 3). The incidence of emergence agitation was significantly higher in patients with a higher preoperative anxiety score (P < 0.05). The incidence of emergence agitation was 17% in the subtenons lidocaine injection group, which was significantly lower than in the control group (36%) (P < 0.05).
      Conclusions: A lidocaine injection into the subtenons space reduces emergence agitation after sevoflurane anesthesia in pediatric strabismus surgery. (Korean J Anesthesiol 2006; 51: 430~5)
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      Background: Inhalation anesthesia with sevoflurane is widely used for pediatric patients. However, emergence agitation after sevoflurane anesthesia has been reported. This study examined whether or not a lidocaine injection into subtenons space and...

      Background: Inhalation anesthesia with sevoflurane is widely used for pediatric patients. However, emergence agitation after sevoflurane anesthesia has been reported. This study examined whether or not a lidocaine injection into subtenons space and/or preoperative anxiety affects emergence agitation after pediatric strabismus surgery with sevoflurane anesthesia.
      Methods: Two hundred children receiving sevoflurane anesthesia for strabismus surgery were randomly assigned into four groups. Before induction, the anesthesiologist explained the general anesthesia and its possible complications to the children in groups 2 and 4, while it did not in groups 1 and 3. The anxiety score was then evaluated. Anesthesia was induced with 4-6 mg/kg thiopental sodium and 0.8 mg/kg rocuronium, and was maintained with O2-N2O-sevoflurane. Before the end of surgery, a surgeon injected the subtenons space with 2% lidocaine 1 ml in groups 3 and 4, while there was no injection in groups 1 and 2. The degree of emergence agitation was assessed at the postanesthetic care unit using a five point scoring scale.
      Results: The preoperative anxiety score was similar in the preoperative explanation (Gp 2, 4) and non preoperative explanation groups (Gp 1, 3). The incidence of emergence agitation was significantly higher in patients with a higher preoperative anxiety score (P < 0.05). The incidence of emergence agitation was 17% in the subtenons lidocaine injection group, which was significantly lower than in the control group (36%) (P < 0.05).
      Conclusions: A lidocaine injection into the subtenons space reduces emergence agitation after sevoflurane anesthesia in pediatric strabismus surgery. (Korean J Anesthesiol 2006; 51: 430~5)

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      참고문헌 (Reference)

      1 An TH, "The effects of caudal block on emergence agitation after sevoflurane anesthesia in herniorrhaphy pediatric patients" 46 : 419-423, 2004

      2 Cravero JP, "The effect of small dose fentanyl on the emergence characteristics of pediatric patients after sevoflurane anesthesia without surgery" 97 : 364-367, 2003

      3 Kawaraguchi Y, "The effect of ketamine on reducing postoperative agitation after sevoflurane anesthesia in pediatric strabismus surgery" 51 : 1343-1348, 2002

      4 Sheard RM, "Subtenons lidocaine injection for postoperative pain relief after strabismus surgery in children:A prospective randomized controlled trial" 8 : 314-317, 2004

      5 Epstein RH, "Sevoflurane versus halothane for general anesthesia in pediatric patients: a comparative study of vital signs, induction, and emergence." 7 : 237-244, 1995

      6 Goa KL, "Sevoflurane in paediatric anaesthesia:a review" 1 : 127-153, 1999

      7 Caumo W, "Risk factors for postoperative anxiety in children" 44 : 782-789, 2000

      8 Viitanen H, "Recovery characteristics of sevoflurane or halothane for day-case anaesthesia in children aged 1 3 years" 44 : 101-106, 2000

      9 Cohen IT, "Rapid emergence does not explain agitation following sevoflurane anaesthesia in infants and children:a comparison with propofol" 13 : 63-67, 2003

      10 Moore JK, "Propofol and halothane versus sevoflurane in paediatric day-case surgery:induction and recovery characteristics" 90 : 461-466, 2003

      1 An TH, "The effects of caudal block on emergence agitation after sevoflurane anesthesia in herniorrhaphy pediatric patients" 46 : 419-423, 2004

      2 Cravero JP, "The effect of small dose fentanyl on the emergence characteristics of pediatric patients after sevoflurane anesthesia without surgery" 97 : 364-367, 2003

      3 Kawaraguchi Y, "The effect of ketamine on reducing postoperative agitation after sevoflurane anesthesia in pediatric strabismus surgery" 51 : 1343-1348, 2002

      4 Sheard RM, "Subtenons lidocaine injection for postoperative pain relief after strabismus surgery in children:A prospective randomized controlled trial" 8 : 314-317, 2004

      5 Epstein RH, "Sevoflurane versus halothane for general anesthesia in pediatric patients: a comparative study of vital signs, induction, and emergence." 7 : 237-244, 1995

      6 Goa KL, "Sevoflurane in paediatric anaesthesia:a review" 1 : 127-153, 1999

      7 Caumo W, "Risk factors for postoperative anxiety in children" 44 : 782-789, 2000

      8 Viitanen H, "Recovery characteristics of sevoflurane or halothane for day-case anaesthesia in children aged 1 3 years" 44 : 101-106, 2000

      9 Cohen IT, "Rapid emergence does not explain agitation following sevoflurane anaesthesia in infants and children:a comparison with propofol" 13 : 63-67, 2003

      10 Moore JK, "Propofol and halothane versus sevoflurane in paediatric day-case surgery:induction and recovery characteristics" 90 : 461-466, 2003

      11 Dalens BJ, "Prevention of emergence agitation after sevoflurane anesthesia for pediatric cerebral magnetic resonance imaging by small doses of ketamine or nalbuphine administered just before discontinuing anesthesia" 102 : 1056-1061, 2006

      12 Aouad MT, "Preoperative caudal block prevents emergence agitation in children following sevoflurane anesthesia" 49 : 300-304, 2005

      13 Aono J, "Preoperative anxiety is associated with a high incidence of problematic behavior on emergence after halothane anesthesia in boys" 43 : 542-544, 1999

      14 Kain ZN, "Preoperative anxiety in children.Predictors and outcomes" 150 : 1238-1245, 1996

      15 Kain ZN, "Preoperative anxiety and emergence delirium and postoperative maladaptive behaviors" 99 : 1648-1654, 2004

      16 Ko YP, "Premedication with low-dose oral midazolam reduces the incidence and severity of emergence agitation in pediatric patients following sevoflurane anesthesia" 39 : 169-177, 2001

      17 Lumley MA, "Predicting children's presurgical anxiety and subsequent behavior changes" 18 : 481-97, 1993

      18 Keaney A, "Postoperative behavioral changes following anesthesia with sevoflurane" 14 : 866-870, 2004

      19 Aguilera IM, "Perioperative anxiety and postoperative behavioural disturbances in children undergoing intravenous or inhalation induction of anaesthesia" 13 : 501-507, 2003

      20 Goeters C, "Minimal flow sevoflurane and isoflurane anaesthesia and impact on renal function" 18 : 43-50, 2001

      21 Aono J, "Greater incidence of delirium during recovery from sevoflurane anesthesia in preschool boys" 87 : 1298-1300, 1997

      22 Cole JW, "Emergence behaviour in children:defining the incidence of excitement and agitation following anaesthesia" 12 : 442-447, 2002

      23 Cravero J, "Emergence agitation in paediatric patients after sevoflurane anaesthesia and no surgery:a comparison with halothane" 10 : 419-424, 2000

      24 Uezono S, "Emergence agitation after sevoflurane versus propofol in pediatric patients" 91 : 563-566, 2000

      25 Lapin SL, "Effects of sevoflurane anaesthesia on recovery in children:a comparison with halothane" 9 : 299-304, 1999

      26 Demirbilek S, "Effects of fentanyl on the incidence of emergence agitation in children receiving desflurane or sevoflurane anaesthesia" 21 : 538-542, 2004

      27 Akeson J, "Convulsions on anaesthetic induction with sevoflurane in young children" 48 : 405-407, 2004

      28 Welborn LG, "Comparison of emergence and recovery characteristics of sevoflurane,desflurane,and halothane in pediatric ambulatory patients" 83 : 917-920, 1996

      29 Kulka PJ, "Clonidine prevents sevoflurane-induced agitation in children" 93 : 335-338, 2001

      30 Tripi PA, "Assessment of risk factors for emergence distress and postoperative behavioural changes in children following general anaesthesia" 14 : 235-240, 2004

      31 Voepel-Lewis T, "A prospective cohort study of emergence agitation in the pediatric postanesthesia care unit" 96 : 1625-1630, 2003

      32 Kataria B, "A comparison of sevoflurane to halothane in paediatric surgical patients:results of a multicentre international study" 6 : 283-292, 1996

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      기준연도 WOS-KCI 통합IF(2년) KCIF(2년) KCIF(3년)
      2016 0.09 0.09 0.1
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      0.09 0.09 0.27 0.01
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