다문화 청소년의 우울 변화유형과 영향요인에 관한 탐색적 연구 = An Exploratory Study on the Types of Depression Changes and Influencing Factors in Multicultural Adolescents

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구는 다문화 청소년의 우울의 변화유형을 살펴보고, 유형별 영향요인을 탐색해보고자 하였다. 이를 위해 다문화청소년패널조사 2012년(초5)부터 2019년(고3)까지 총 8개년의 자료를 활용하였으 며, 우울 변화에 적합한 변화함수를 추정하여 성장혼합모형을 활용한 잠재계층을 분류하고, 3단계 접근법을 활용한 영향요인 유의성을 검증하였다. 분석 결과, 우울 변화유형은 ‘저수준-유지형’, ‘중간수 준-증가형’, ‘고수준-증가형’인 3개의 집단으로 분류되었다. 영향요인 검증에서는 ‘저수준-유지형’을 준 거집단으로 하여 ‘중간수준-증가형’과 ‘고수준-증가형’을 비교한 결과, 공통으로 유의미한 변인으로 성 별, 사회적 위축, 자아존중감, 가족지지, 다문화가족 자녀 특별지원 필요성 여부로 나타났다. 특성 예측 의 차이로 나타난 변인은 모연령, 지역규모, 친구지지로 나타났다. 본 연구결과를 바탕으로 다문화 청소년의 우울 문제를 해결할 수 있는 실천 및 정책적 함의를 제언하였으며, 후속연구의 방향성을 제시하였다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study aims to examine the types of changes in depression among multicultural adolescents and explore the influencing factors for each type. Utilizing data from the Multicultural Adolescents Panel Study's first wave, covering the years 2012 (5th grade of elementary school) to 2019 (3rd grade of high school), a total of eight years of data were analyzed. Suitable change functions for depression were estimated, and latent classes were classified using a growth mixture model. The significance of influencing factors was verified through a three-step approach. As a result of the analysis, the change type of depression was classified into three groups: ‘low level-maintenance type’, ‘medium level-increasing type’, and ‘high level-increasing type’. In the verification of influencing factors, the 'low level-maintaining type' was used as the reference group and the 'medium level-increasing type' and 'high level-increasing type' were compared. As a result, the common significant variables were gender, social withdrawal, selfesteem, family support, and multiculturalism. It was found that there was a need for special support for children in the family. Variables that showed differences in characteristic prediction were maternal age, regional size, and friend support. Based on the research results, practical implications and policy suggestions for addressing depression issues among multicultural adolescents are proposed, and directions for future research are outlined.