틱톡의 특성, 개인적 요인 및 사회적 요인이 중독에 미치는 영향에 대한연구 : 중국 대학생을 중심으로 = A Study of the Characteristics of Tik Tok, Personal and Social Factors Affecting Tik Tok Addiction - Focusing on Chinese College Students

국문 초록 (Abstract)

모바일 인터넷과 스마트폰의 보급으로 소셜 미디어는 현대 사회에서
중요한 역할을 하게 되었다. 특히 창의적이고 재미있는 짧은 동영상 플
랫폼인 틱톡(TikTok)은 전 세계적으로 빠르게 인기를 얻으며 많은 사람
들의 일상적인 엔터테인먼트의 주요 수단이 되었다. 짧은 동영상은 낮은
제작 문턱과 강력한 소셜 특성으로 인해 새롭게 선호되는 소셜 미디어가
되었다. 틱톡은 다양한 콘텐츠와 접근 용이성으로 젊은 층의 ‘패스트푸
드’식 미디어 소비 요구를 충족시키며, 중국에서 가장 인기 있는 짧은 동
영상 플랫폼으로 자리 잡았다.
그러나 틱톡의 인기와 사용 증가로 인해 일부 사용자는 틱톡 중독에
시달리고 있으며, 특히 청소년과 대학생의 생활, 학업, 사회화에 큰 영향
을 미치고 있다. 틱톡 중독은 지나친 탐닉과 의존으로 인해 정상적인 생
활에 영향을 미치는 현상을 말한다. 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위해 본 연
구는 중국 대학생을 중심으로 사회적 요인이 틱톡 중독에 미치는 영향에
대해 살펴보았다.
인터넷 중독에 관한 연구는 미디어 분야의 중요한 주제 중 하나이다.
특히 틱톡과 같은 짧은 동영상 플랫폼에 대한 시청자 의존성과 중독에
대한 연구는 아직 초기 단계에 있다. 본 연구는 대학생을 대상으로 틱톡
중독에 영향을 미치는 사회적 요인을 다각적인 관점에서 탐구하여 청소
년과 대학생의 건강한 성장과 사회 발전을 촉진하고자 한다. 먼저, 가족
환경, 또래 압력, 사회적 욕구 등의 사회적 요인이 대학생의 틱톡 사용
행동과 정신 건강에 미치는 영향을 체계적으로 분석한다. 이를 통해 가
족과 또래, 사회적 분위기가 대학생들의 틱톡 사용 태도와 행동에 미치
는 영향을 심층적으로 이해하고, 틱톡 중독의 예방과 개입에 대한 인사
이트를 제공한다. 둘째, 개인적 요인과 틱톡 중독 정도 사이의 연관성을
분석하여, 이러한 요인이 틱톡 중독에 어떻게 영향을 미치는지를 밝힌다.
이를 통해 틱톡 중독의 형성 메커니즘과 진화 과정을 발견하고, 개입 방
안에 대한 이론적 지침을 제공한다. 마지막으로, 사회적 요인의 영향 메
커니즘을 바탕으로 대학생의 틱톡 중독을 예방하고 완화하기 위한 실질
적인 조치를 제안한다. 이를 통해 틱톡 중독 문제를 해결하고, 대학생의
건강한 미디어 사용을 촉진하는 데 기여하고자 한다.
이를 위해 2024년 4월 30일부터 5월 10일까지 중국 포털 설문조사 업
체인 ‘원줸싱’을 통해 256개의 설문지를 수집하여 SPSS 25.0 소프트웨어
로 통계 분석을 수행하였다. 주요 결과는 다음과 같다.
틱톡 특성: 추천 서비스, 오락성, 양방향성, 정보제공성이 대학생의 틱
톡 중독에 정적인 영향을 미친다. 이들 변수는 모두 유의한 정적 상관관
계와 회귀분석 결과를 보였으며, 틱톡 콘텐츠의 매력적인 특성이 중독을
유발함을 확인하였다.
개인적 요인: 정신 건강 상태, 효능감, 통제력이 대학생의 틱톡 중독에
부적인 영향을 미친다. 즉 건강한 정신 상태와 높은 자기 효능감 및 통
제력은 중독 행동을 완화하는 데 기여한다는 결과를 도출하였다.
사회적 요인: FOMO(고립공포감)와 사회 정체성은 대학생의 틱톡 중독
에 정적인 영향을 미친다. 즉 사회적 압력과 소속감은 틱톡 사용을 증가
시키고 중독으로 이어질 수 있음을 보여주었다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

With the proliferation of mobile Internet and smartphones, social
media has become an important part of the modern world. In
particular, TikTok, a creative and entertaining short video platform,
has rapidly gained popularity worldwide and has become an important
means of daily entertainment for many people. Short videos have
become a newly preferred social media due to their low production
threshold and strong social characteristics. TikTok has become the
most popular short video platform in China, catering to the "fast
food" media consumption needs of young people with its diverse
content and easy access.
However, due to the popularity and increased use of TikTok, some
users are suffering from TikTok addiction, which is particularly
affecting the lives, studies, and socialization of adolescents and
college students. TikTok addiction refers to a phenomenon that
interferes with normal life due to excessive indulgence and
dependence. To address these issues, this study examines the effects
of social factors on TikTok addiction, focusing on Chinese university
students.
Research on Internet addiction is one of the most important topics
in the media field. In particular, research on viewer dependence and
addiction to short video platforms such as TikTok is still in its
infancy. This study aims to promote the healthy growth and social
development of adolescents and college students by exploring the
social factors affecting TikTok addiction among college students from
various perspectives. First, we systematically analyze the effects of
social factors such as family environment, peer pressure, and social
needs on college students' TikTok use and mental health. First, by
analyzing the association between TikTok addiction and family, peers,
and social atmosphere, we can better understand the influence of
family, peers, and social atmosphere on college students' TikTok use
attitudes and behaviors, and provide insights for prevention and
intervention of TikTok addiction. Second, by analyzing the
relationship between self-factors and the degree of TikTok addiction,
we reveal how these factors affect TikTok addiction. Through this,
we discover the formation mechanism and development of TikTok
addiction and provide theoretical guidelines for intervention measures.
Finally, we propose practical measures to prevent and alleviate
TikTok addiction among college students based on the influence
mechanism of social factors. In doing so, we aim to address the
problem of TikTok addiction and help promote healthy media use
among college students.
From April 30 to May 10, 2024, 256 questionnaires were collected
through Wenjingsing, a Chinese portal survey company, and statistical
analysis was performed using SPSS 25.0 software. The main findings
are as follows:
Characteristics of TikTok: Recommendation service, entertainment,
interactive, and information have a positive effect on college students'
TikTok addiction. All of these variables showed significant positive
correlation and regression analysis results, and it was confirmed that
the attractive characteristics of TikTok content cause addiction.
Self-factors: Mental health, efficacy, and control negatively affect
college students' addiction to TikTok. Healthy mental state, high
self-efficacy, and control were found to help mitigate addictive
behavior.
Social factors: FOMO and social identity positively influence college
students' addiction to TikTok. Social pressure and a sense of
belonging have been shown to increase TikTok use and lead to
addiction.
This study has revealed that TikTok characteristics, self-factors,
and social factors have a significant impact on TikTok addiction in
college students, which aims to provide theoretical guidelines for
TikTok addiction prevention and intervention.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. 서 론 ··············································································································· 1
• 1. 연구의 필요성 ······························································································· 1
• 2. 연구의 목적 ··································································································· 3
• Ⅱ. 이론적 배경 및 선행연구 검토 ····························································· 5
• 1. 틱톡의 현황 ··································································································· 5
• 1) 틱톡 소개 ·································································································· 5
• 2) 중국 대학생들의 틱톡 이용 현황 ························································ 7
• 2. 중독의 이해 ································································································· 11
• 1) 중독의 개념 ···························································································· 11
• 2) 중독의 분류 ···························································································· 13
• 3) 틱톡 중독 ································································································ 17
• 3. 틱톡의 특성 ······························································································· 19
• 1) 추천 서비스 ···························································································· 19
• 2) 오락성 ······································································································ 21
• 3) 양방향성 ·································································································· 22
• 4) 정보제공성 ······························································································ 23
• 4. 개인적 요인 ································································································· 26
• 1) 자기효능감 ······························································································ 26
• 2) 자기통제력 ······························································································ 28
• 3) 정신건강 ·································································································· 31
• 5. 사회적 요인 ································································································· 33
• 1) FOMO (Fear Of Missing Out/ 고립공포감) ································· 33
• 2) 사화정체성 ······························································································ 35
• Ⅲ. 연구 방법 ···································································································· 38
• 1. 연구모형 및 연구가설 ··············································································· 38
• 2. 연구대상 및 측정도구 ··············································································· 40
• 3. 자료처리 및 분석 방법 ············································································· 46
• Ⅳ. 연구 결과 ···································································································· 47
• 1. 인구통계학적 특성 ····················································································· 47
• 2. 신뢰도 및 타당성 분석 ············································································· 51
• 3. 상관성 분석 ································································································· 59
• 4. 회귀분석 ······································································································· 62
• Ⅴ. 결 론 ············································································································· 65
• 1. 연구결과 요약 및 시사점 ········································································· 65
• 2. 연구의 한계 ································································································· 70
• 참고문헌 ·········································································································· 71
• 부록 : 설문지 (한국 / 中文) ······································································ 83
• Abstract ········································································································· 99
• 摘要(중국어) ································································································· 102