This study aimed to elucidate the physical activities and their characteristics of Pai-Chai, which played a leading role in secondary school physical education in Korea during the Enlightenment Period and the Japanese colonial era. During the Enlighte...
This study aimed to elucidate the physical activities and their characteristics of Pai-Chai, which played a leading role in secondary school physical education in Korea during the Enlightenment Period and the Japanese colonial era. During the Enlightenment Period, Pai-Chai transcended social classes, fostering a sense of Pai-Chai identity. In times of national difficulty, it promoted both national and independence spirit through physical education and sports activities. Furthermore, Pai-Chai believed that physical education and sports could cultivate altruism and a sense of adherence to principles, contributing significantly to the development of individuals with harmonious moral characters. Since the 1930s, Pai-Chai has been actively promoting the "One Person, One Sports Club” movement, which has evolved into the present-day educational philosophy represented by the ‘3S’ principle. Additionally, the sports infrastructure at Pai-Chai played a role in nurturing the affection and alumni consciousness of Pai-Chai students.