부하정서에 따른 진실리더십과 심리적자본이 창의성 및 직무결과에 미치는 영향 = A Study on the effects Authentic leadership, Psychological Capital on Creativity, Job Performance, Turnover intend and Job Involvement According to Followerʼs emotions

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구는 크게 두 가지 차원에서 수행되었다. 첫째, 상사의 진실리더십과 심리적자본이 부하의 정서에 미치는 영향관계를 파악하였으며, 둘째, 부하의 긍정정서 및 부정정서가 창의성, 직무성과, 직무몰입에 미치는 영향관계를 파악하였다. 연구표본은 구미지역 중견기업을 대상으로 243부의 설문결과를 토대로 분석하였으며 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 진실리더십은 부하의 긍정 정서에 정(+)의 영향, 부정정서에 부(-)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 상사에 대한 신뢰를 기반으로 한 리더십과 긍정적 역할 모델이 부하의 정서에 긍정적 경험으로 축적된다는 것을 의미하는 구체적인 결과이다. 둘째, 심리적자본은 부하의 긍정정서에 정(+)의 영향, 부정정서에 부(-)의 영향관계로 나타났다. 셋째, 부하의 긍정정서는 창의성, 직무성과를 제외하고 직무몰입에 정(+)의 영향으로 나타났고 이직의도에 부(-)의 영향으로 나타났으며 부정정서는 창의성 조직성과 직무몰입에 부(-)의 영향으로 나타났고 이직의도에는 정(+)의 영향으로 나타났다. 이러한 연구결과는 진실성이 긍정정서를 야기하여 조직 전체로 확산, 전염되는 과정을 거쳐 조직에 긍정적 효과를 가져온다는 결과이며 심리적자본이 부하에게도 적용되어 조직변화를 위한 적극적인 태도와 행동을 보이게 된다는 것을 확인한 결과이다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study examines the impact of authentic leadership and psychological capital on follower’s emotions in organization. And this also investigates how follower’s affect creativity, job performance, turnover intend and job involvement. The theoretical relations among variables were investigated through literatures; an empirical study was
conducted based on hypotheses on the relations between authentic leadership and psychological capital, follower’s emotions, the relations among follower’s emotions and creativity, job performance, turnover intend and job
involvement. For the empirical study, 243 questionnaires were analyzed in manufacturers, Gumi city through
frequencies, correlation analysis and the structural equation model. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS 18.0 and AMOS 18.0 for Windows. As the result of the analyses, hypotheses made in this research model and the
research model itself are generally valid. The results of this study are as followings; First, the authentic leadership
become a positive predictive factor for follower’s positive emotions. On the other hand it become a negative predictive for follower’s negative emotions. Second, psychological capital become a positive predictive factor for follower’s
positive emotions in organization. On the other hand it become a negative predictive for follower’s negative emotions.
Third, follower’s positive emotions is a signigicant turnover intend and job involvement except creativity, job
performance. In conclusion, this study suggests that leader’s authenticity and positive psychological capital change follower’s emotions and attitude from leader’s deep selfawareness and high self-discipline, and self-efficacy, hope, optimism, resilience. And also these findings suggest that veracity bring positivity and contagious.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 요약
• Ⅰ. 서론
• Ⅱ. 이론적 배경 및 가설의 설정
• Ⅲ. 연구 방법
• Ⅳ. 실증 분석
• Ⅴ. 논 의
• 참고문헌
• Abstract

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 조영대, "호텔조리종사원의 임금공정성, 직무만족, 이직의사, 직장몰입에관한 연구"

2 장미경, "항공사 객실승무원의 교육훈련, 조직몰입, 고객지향성, 이직의도간의 영향관계"

3 윤정구, "진정성이란 무엇인가" 한언 2012

4 남미리, "진성리더십이 학습조직 구축수준과 조직유효성에 미치는 영향" 교육과학연구소 45 (45): 65-86, 2014

5 최우재, "진성리더십이 부하의 심리적 웰빙과 적응적 수행성과에 미치는 영향 : 자기권능감의 매개효과" 한국인사조직학회 21 (21): 185-228, 2013

6 최용득, "조직맥락에서의 긍정심리역량의 선행요인과 결과에 관한 연구" 서강대학교 경영전문대학원 2009

7 이창준, "정서와 리더십에 대한 이론적 모형의 검증" 한국인사조직학회 2007

8 권석만, "인간의 긍정적 성품, 긍정심리학적 관점" 2011

9 한봉주, "위계적 선형모형(HLM)을 이용한 조직의 조직문화가구성원의 직무만족과 조직몰입에 미치는 영향 분석: 분석수준별 접근방법의 비교를 중심으로" 한국인사관리학회 36 (36): 169-199, 2012

10 서정락, "손해의 경제학, 손해를 성공의 기회로 만드는 일곱가지 방법" 92-, 2012

11 김연선, "셀프리더십이 팀웍과 자기효능감, 직무만족, 조직몰입 및 직무성과에 미치는 영향: 특급호텔 Wine & Dining Restaurant를 중심으로" 세종대학교 대학원 2008

12 이덕로, "상사의 유머가 부하의 창의성에 미치는 영향 : 내재적 동기부여의 매개효과와 팀인적자본의 조절효과를 중심으로" 한국인사조직학회 21 (21): 29-63, 2013

13 구자숙, "사람을 행복하게 만드는 리더십" 2013

14 최병권, "부하가 인식하는 상사의 피드백 추구행동과 리더십 효과성의 관계: 상사-부하 교환관계(LMX)의 조절효과" 한국인사관리학회 36 (36): 151-186, 2012

15 김봉환, "변혁적 및 거래적 리더십과 창의성 간의 관계에 대한 매개효과 연구" 국민대학교 대학원 2002

16 김동철, "긍정조직행태의 주요 요인 간 관계에 관한 연구: 진성 리더십, 심리적자본, 심리적 주인의식을 중심으로" 강원대학교 대학원 2012

17 홍세희, "구조 방적식 모형의 적합도 지수 선정기준과 그 근거" 한국임상심리학회 19 (19): 161-177, 2000

18 공혜원, "감정조절전략과 조직시민행동의 관계에 대한 심리적주인의식의 조절효과" 한국인사관리학회 39 (39): 59-85, 2015

19 Gardner, W. L, "“Can you see the real me?” A self-based model of authentic leader and follower development" 16 : 343-372, 2005

20 Ashforth, B. E, "motio-nallabor in service roles: The influence of identity" 19 (19): 88-115, 1995

21 George, J. M, "When openness to experience and conscientiousness are related to creative behavior: An interactional approach" 86 : 513-524, 2001

22 Zhou, J., "When job dissatisfaction leads to creativity:Encouraging the expression of voice" 44 : 682-696, 2001

23 Shamir, B, "What’s your story? A life-stories approach to authentic leadership development" 16 : 395-417, 2005

24 Fredrickson, B. L, "What good are positive emotions?" 2 : 300-319, 1998

25 Michie, S, "Values, emotions, and authenticity: Will the real leader please stand up?" 16 : 441-457, 2005

26 Avolio B, "Unlocking the mask : a look at the process by which authentic leaders impact follower attitudes and behaviours" 15 : 801-823, 2004

27 Gardner, W. L, "Unleashing individual potential:Performance gains through positive organizational behavior and authentic leadership" 33 : 270-281, 2004

28 Fry, L. W, "Toward a theory of spiritual leadership" 14 : 693-727, 2003

29 Kernis, M. H, "Toward a conceptualization of optimal self-esteem" 14 : 1-26, 2003

30 Fredrickson, B. L, "The value of positive emotions" 91 : 330-335, 2003

31 Fredrickson, B. L, "The role of positive emotions in positive psychology: The broaden-and-build theory of positive emotions" 56 : 218-226, 2001

32 Connolly, J. J, "The role of affectivity in job satisfaction : A meta-analysis" 29 : 265-281, 2000

33 Wan, C. K, "The relationship between social support and life satisfaction as a function of family structure" 58 : 502-513, 1996

34 Luthans, F, "The need for and meaning of positive organizational behavior" 23 : 695-706, 2002

35 Luthans, F, "The mediating role of psychological capital in the supportive organizational climate—employee performance relationship" 29 : 219-238, 2008

36 Kim Cameron, "The management of positive energy"

37 Erez, A, "The infouence of positive affect on the components of expectancy motivation" 89 : 1055-1067, 2002

38 Isen, A. M, "The influence of positive affect on the unusualness of word associations" 48 : 1413-1426, 1985

39 Luthans, F, "The impact of hope in the entrepreneurial process: Exploratory research findings" 2002

40 Lyubomirsky, S, "The benefits of frequent positive affect: Does happiness lead to success?" 131 (131): 803-851, 2005

41 Gerbing, D. W, "Testing structural Equation Models" Sage 40-65, 1993

42 Brown, M. W, "Single Sample Cross-validation Indices for Covariance Structures" 24 (24): 445-455, 1989

43 Hoyle, R. H, "Selfhood: Identity, esteem, regulation" Westview Press 1999

44 Bandura, A, "Self-efficacy: Toward a unifying theory of behavioral change" 84 : 191-215, 1977

45 Redmond, M. R, "Putting creativity to work:Effects of leader behavior on employee creativity" 55 : 120-151, 1993

46 Walumbwa, F. O, "Psychological processes linking authentic leadership to follower behaviors" 21 (21): 901-914, 2010

47 Thomas A. Wright, "Psychological ownership: theoretical extensions, measurement and relation to work outcomes" Wiley-Blackwell 30 (30): 173-191, 2009

48 Luthans, F, "Psychological capital: Developing the human competitive edge" Oxford University Press

49 Luthans, F, "Psychological capital development: Toward a micro-intervention" 27 : 387-393, 2006

50 Luthans, F, "Psychological Capital" Oxford University Press 2007

51 Seligman, M. E. P, "Positive psychology" 55 : 5-14, 2000

52 Luthans, F, "Positive psychological capital: Measurement and relationship with performance and satisfaction" 2007

53 Wrzesniewski, A, "Positive organizational scholarship: Foundations of a new discipline" Berrett Koehler 296-308, 2003

54 Caza, B. B, "Positive organizational scholarship : A critical theory approach" 2007

55 Luthans, F, "Positive organizational scholarship" Berrett-Koehler 241-258, 2003

56 Luthans, F, "Positive organizational behavior : Developing and managing psychological strengths" 16 (16): 57-72, 2002

57 Fredrickson, B. L, "Positive emotions broaden action urges and the scope of attention"

58 Estrada CA, "Positive affect facilitates integration of information and decreases anchoring in reasoning among physicians" 72 (72): 117-135, 1997

59 Isen, A. M, "Positive affect facilitates creative problem solving" 52 : 1122-1131, 1987

60 Cameron, K. S, "Positive Organizational Scholar- ship" Berrett Koehler 2003

61 Lee, K, "Organizational citizenship behaviour and workplace deviance: The role of affect and cognitions" 87 : 131-142, 2002

62 McShane, S. L, "Organizational behavior: Emerging knowledge and practice for the real world" MCGraw-Hill-Irwin 2010

63 Brief, A. P, "Organizational behavior : Affect in the workplace" 53 : 279-307, 2002

64 Bagozzi, "On the evaluation of structural equation models" 16 (16): 74-94, 1998

65 Sullivan, M. J. L, "Negative affect leads to low effort cognition: Attributional processing for observed behavior" 7 : 315-337, 1989

66 Hair, J, "Multivariate Data Analysis" Prentice-Hall 2006

67 Avolio B, "Leadership : current theories, research and future directions" 60 : 421-449, 2009

68 Hannah, S, "Leader selfsutucture:A framework for positive leadership" 30 (30): 269-290, 2009

69 Luthans, F, "Human, social, and now positive psychological capital management: Investing in people for competitive advantage" 33 : 143-160, 2004

70 Beehr, T. A, "Human stress and cognition in organizations: An integrated perspective" Wiley 3-19, 1985

71 De Dreu, C. K. W, "Hedonic tone and activation in the mood-creativity link : Towards a Dual pathway to Creativity model" 94 : 739-756, 2008

72 Masten, A. S, "Handbook of positive psychology" Oxford University Press 74-88, 2002

73 Snyder, C. R, "Handbook of positive psychology" Oxford University Press 2002

74 Izard, C. E, "Handbook of emotions" The Guilford Press 631-642, 1993

75 Carver, C. S, "Handbook of competence and motivation" Handbook of competence and motivation 527-554, 2005

76 Avolio, B. J, "Full leadership development : Building the vital forces in organizations" Sage 1999

77 Mulaik, A. A, "Evaluation of Goodness-of-fit Indices for Structural Equation Modeling" 105 (105): 430-445, 1989

78 Bass, B. M, "Ethics, character, and authentic transformational leadership behavior" 10 : 181-217, 1999

79 Ashforth, B. E, "Emotion in the Workplace: A Reappraisal" 48 : 97-125, 1995

80 Scheier, M, "Dispositional optimism and physical well-being:The influence of generalized outcome expectancies on health" 55 : 169-210, 1987

81 Stajkovic, A. D, "Development of a core confidence-higher order construct" 91 : 1208-1224, 2006

82 Wagnild, G, "Development and psychometric evaluation of the resiliency scale" 1 (1): 165-178, 1993

83 Conger, J. A, "Charismatic Leadership in Organizations, Thousand Oaks" Sage 1998

84 Guerrero, L, "Case in leadership" Sage Publications 2009

85 Avey, J. B, "Can positive employees help positive organizational change?" 44 : 48-70, 2008

86 Walumbwa, F. O, "Authentic leadership: Development and validation of a theory-based measure" 34 (34): 89-126, 2008

87 Gardner, B. J. Avolio, "Authentic leadership theory and practice: Origins, effects, and development" Elsevier 155-182, 2005

88 Avolio, B. J, "Authentic leadership development : Getting to the root of positive forms of leadership" 16 : 315-338, 2005

89 Ilies, R, "Authentic leadership and eudaemonic well-being: Understanding leader-follower outcomes" 16 : 373-394, 2005

90 Seligman, M. E. P, "Authentic happiness" Free Press 2002

91 Norman, R. M, "Attitudes and physical distance to an individual with schizophrenia:the moderating effect of self-transcendent values" 45 (45): 751-758, 2010

92 Peterson, GN, "Altitude estimates of the volcanic plume-top of Grimsvotn measured by C-band weather radar" Icelandic Meteorological Office 2012

93 Zellars, K, "Affective personality and the content of emotional social support: Coping in organizations" 86 : 459-467, 2001

94 Staw, B. M, "Affect and performance: A test of the sadder-but-wiser vs. happier-and-smarter hypotheses" 38 : 304-331, 1993

95 Bluedorn A. C, "A unified model of turnover from organizations"

96 Verbeke. W, "A situational analysis on how salespeople experience and cope with shame and embarrassment" 19 : 713-741, 2002

97 Medsker, G. J, "A review of current practices for evaluating causal-models in organizational-behavior and human-resources management research" 20 : 439-464, 1994