남중국해 중재소송 판결에 대한 중국의 입장과 국제정치적 함의 = China’s stance on the decision of the South China Sea arbitration and its implications for International politics

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

In this paper, it attempts to analyze China’s stance on the decision of the Permanent Court of Arbitration(PCA) for the South China Sea territorial disputes between China and the Philippines. For this purpose, this study is to understand the South China Sea arbitration proceedings of the PCA. This paper also analyzes circumstances of occurrence and China’s negative stance on this issue. As a result, the Chinese government’s opposition to the South China Sea arbitration and its ruling is found to be summarized as follows: First, it was found that China has been opposed to the jurisdiction of the PCA under the Part XV of the United Nations Convention On the Law of the Sea(UNCLOS). Second, as the basis of China’s claim to historic rights within its nine-dash line, China has been opposed to the tribunal ruling that was in favor of the Philippines. In particular, China claims that there was direct U.S. involvement in the arbitration proceedings for supporting the Philippines. Chinese scholars emphasize that the United States not only provided legal and technical advisers to help the Philippine’s proceeding, but also actively supported the Philippine’s claim to the South China Sea by using domestic and international public opinion. Therefore, the decision of the PCA carries implications for international politics—mainly that the dynamics of the U.S.-China relations in the South China Sea will become increasingly sensitive.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 논문은 중국과 필리핀 간의 남중국해 영유권 분쟁 관련 상설중재재판소(PCA)의 판결에 대한 중국의 입장을 분석해 보는 데 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 본 논문은 상설중재재판소의 남중국해 중재소송 진행과정을 파악하여, 본 사안의 발생경위와 중국 정부의 부정적인 입장을 분석하였다. 분석 결과, 중국 정부의 남중국해 중재소송과 그 판결에 대한 반대 입장은 다음과 같은 두 가지로 나타났다. 첫째, 중국은 유엔해양법협약(UN Convention On the Law of the Sea, UNCOLS) 제15부에 규정된 조항에 의거하여 상설중재재판소의 재판 관할권을 반대하였다. 둘째, 중국은 남해구단선의 역사적 권리를 근거로 하여 상설중재재판소의 필리핀 승소 판결을 반대하였다. 특히 중국은 중재소송 과정에서 필리핀 측을 지지하기 위한 미국의 직접적인 개입이 있었다고 주장한다. 중국학자들은 미국이 법률적·기술적 고문을 파견하여 필리핀의 소송 진행에 상당한 도움을 주었을 뿐만 아니라 국내외 여론을 이용하여 필리핀의 남중국해 영유권 주장을 적극적으로 지지해주었다고 강조한다. 따라서 이번 중재법정의 판결은 남중국해를 둘러싼 미중 간 역학관계가 더 민감한 방향으로 흐를 수 있다는 국제정치적 함의를 담고 있다.

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